摘要
Abstract
Pesticides are both important agricultural inputs and risk-bearing products requiring strict management.The United States,the European Union and China have all established regulatory systems covering product access,production,distribution,use,supervision and market exit,but their regulatory emphases differ.The U.S.system centers on product registration,use conditions and legally binding labeling;the EU system is characterized by EU-level approval of active substances,Member State authorization of plant protection products and responsibilities along the authorization chain;and the Chinese system places stronger emphasis on the linkage among product registration,production licensing,distribution licensing,label approval and traceability.This article argues that China's approach has practical value for safeguarding quality and safety,combating counterfeit and substandard pesticides,and clarifying the responsibilities of production and distribution entities,but it may also reinforce the close association between registration and production entities and manufacturing-oriented path dependence.In the future,China should maintain the baseline of quality,safety,and traceable responsibility while improving registration data protection,data authorization and compensation mechanisms,the international acceptability of registration data,and a more appropriate division of responsibilities between registration certificate holders and manufacturing enterprises,thereby creating institutional space for the transition of China's pesticide industry from scale expansion to quality improvement and innovation-driven development.关键词
农药管理/风险治理/产品登记/生产许可/登记数据保护/国际市场准入/产业升级Key words
pesticide regulation/risk governance/product registration/production licensing/registration data protection/international market access/industrial upgrading分类
农业科技
