麦类作物学报2026，Vol.46Issue(8)：1014-1028,15.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2026.08.03
大麦HvERECTA基因异源表达调控拟南芥气孔发育及其抗旱分子机制研究
Molecular Mechanism of the Barley HvERECTA Gene in Regulating Stomatal Development and Drought Resistance through Heterologous Expression in Arabidopsis
摘要
Abstract
The ERECTA family of receptor-like kinases(RLKs)plays a crucial regulatory role in plant stomatal development and responses to abiotic stresses.This study therefore focused on investigating the barley HvERECTA gene,aiming to clarify its regulatory roles in these biological processes and provide potential targets for barley drought resistance breeding.We first cloned the HvERECTA gene from barley and conducted comprehensive bioinformatics analyses to characterize its sequence and pro-tein properties.Subsequently,we constructed a heterologous overexpression vector carrying the HvERECTA gene and transformed it into Arabidopsis thaliana.For the transgenic Arabidopsis lines,we systematically determined stomatal phenotypic traits,expression levels of the key related genes,and physiological indicators under drought stress conditions to evaluate the gene function.The bio informatics analysis results showed that the full-length coding sequence(CDS)of HvERECTA is 2 934 bp,encoding a protein of 977 amino acids.The HvERECTA protein is localized to the plasma mem-brane and contains a typical serine/threonine protein kinase domain,which is a hallmark of the recep-tor-like kinase family.Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that HvERECTA is highly conserved among gramineous plants,with the highest homology to those from wheat(Triticum aestivum)and ryegrass(Lolium perenne).Additionally,analysis of cis-acting elements in the HvERECTA promoter region indicated that it is rich in regulatory elements associated with abiotic stress responses and plant hormone signaling,such as abscisic acid(ABA)-responsive elements(ABRE)and drought-responsive elements(MBS).Phenotypic observations on the transgenic Arabi-dopsis lines showed that overexpression of HvERECTA significantly reduced stomatal density com-pared with the wild-type control.Molecular analysis demonstrated that the expression levels of genes encoding key stomatal development transcription factors,namely SPCH(SPEECHLESS),MUTE,and FAMA,were all downregulated by more than 50％in the transgenic lines.In contrast,the ex-pression level of YODA,a core gene in the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cascade pathway that is involved in stomatal development regulation,was upregulated by 50％-80％in the transgenic plants.Under drought stress,the transgenic Arabidopsis lines showed enhanced drought resistance-related physiological performance.Specifically,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxi-dase(POD),and catalase(CAT)in the transgenic lines were increased by 25％-40％compared with the control.Meanwhile,the content of malondialdehyde(MDA),which is an indicator of lipid peroxi-dation and cellular damage under stress,was decreased by approximately 30％in the transgenic lines.Additionally,the water loss rate of the transgenic lines was reduced by 20％,and their relative water content was higher than that of the control.Furthermore,the expression levels of stress-responsive genes,including AtKIN2,AtABF3,and AtRD22,showed no abnormal changes under normal growth conditions but were significantly upregulated under drought stress in the transgenic lines.In conclusion,the barley HvERECTA gene enhances plant drought resistance by regulating the MAPK signaling pathway to reduce stomatal density and by improving the activity of the plant antioxidant de-fense system.These two regulatory pathways collectively enhance the water retention capacity of plants under drought stress,thereby improving their stress tolerance.This study clarifies the impor-tant regulatory role of HvERECTA in stomatal development and abiotic stress response,and provides an important functional gene resource for drought-resistant molecular breeding of barley.关键词
大麦/HvERECTA基因/气孔发育/气孔密度/气孔开度/干旱胁迫Key words
Hordeum vulgare/HvERECTA gene/Stomatal development/Stomatal density/Stomatal aperture/Drought stress分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
侯昌林,杨泽亚,韩燚,苟筱颖,李明,曹高燚,丁博,谢晓东,陈小强..大麦HvERECTA基因异源表达调控拟南芥气孔发育及其抗旱分子机制研究[J].麦类作物学报,2026,46(8):1014-1028,15.基金项目
国家农业科技重大项目(DK077701) （DK077701）
天津市大学生创新训练计划项目(202510061232) （202510061232）
