农业工程学报2026，Vol.42Issue(13)：111-119,9.DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202509048
定位夹切式马铃薯种薯切块装置设计与试验
Design and experiment of a positioning and clamping-cutting device for potato seed cutting
摘要
Abstract
China has the largest potato planting area and the highest total potato production worldwide,in which seed potato cutting is a critical operation in the potato production chain.The cutting quality directly affects seed utilization efficiency,emergence uniformity,and final yield.At present,seed potato cutting in China is still dominated by manual or semi-mechanized methods,which are commonly associated with high labor intensity,inconsistent tuber piece size,severe mechanical damage,and a low preservation rate of viable bud eyes.To address these limitations and support the key requirement of full mechanization in potato production,a positioning and clamping-based potato seed cutting device was developed and designed.The proposed device integrates multiple operations,including seed potato positioning,clamping,flipping,and segmented cutting,into a single coordinated system.Seed potatoes are first arranged and posture-corrected through a positioning and conveying mechanism.Subsequently,a clamping and picking unit achieves stable and adaptive gripping of individual tubers.A clamping-flipping unit then adjusts the tuber orientation,enabling two successive cutting operations.Allowing precise execution of stable clamping,controlled linear conveying,90° flipping,and double cutting.As a result,seed potato pieces with uniform size are obtained.A sliding cutting mode is adopted instead of conventional straight cutting,which effectively reduces cutting resistance and mechanical damage to the tubers.The structural parameters of the clamping components,as well as the geometric characteristics and motion features of the cutting blade,were designed based on the physical and mechanical properties of seed potatoes and agronomic constraints related to tuber piece quality and bud eye preservation.To clarify the influence of operational parameters on cutting performance,the seed potato cutting process was analyzed from the perspectives of force transmission,impact loading,and frictional interactions between the tuber,clamping surfaces,and cutting blade.Bench experiments were conducted using the response surface methodology to optimize key operating parameters.The qualified cutting rate and blind bud eye rate were selected as evaluation indices,while the blade inclination angle,cutting speed,and clamping plate width were chosen as experimental factors.A three-factor,three-level response surface experiment was performed,and optimal parameters were determined based on regression models.The results showed that stable,continuous,and uniform seed potato cutting could be achieved.Under the optimal conditions of a blade inclination angle of 20.7°,a cutting speed of 0.42 m/s,and a clamping plate width of 15.6 mm,the qualified cutting rate reached 96.66％and the blind bud eye rate was reduced to 1.85％.The small deviation between predicted and experimental results indicates good reliability of the optimization model and high operational stability of the device.Validation experiments further demonstrated that the developed positioning and clamping-based automatic seed potato cutting device significantly outperforms traditional cutting methods in terms of cutting efficiency and seed potato quality.By combining precise mechanical design with coordinated control,the proposed device provides a feasible technical solution for mechanized seed potato cutting and offers valuable reference for the development of advanced potato planting equipment.The proposed device provides a feasible technical solution for mechanized seed cutting,and the findings offer valuable theoretical and practical references for the development and optimization of agricultural product cutting equipment.关键词
马铃薯/切种/切块装置/夹持翻转/参数优化Key words
potato/seed-cutting/cutting mechanism/clamping and turning/parameter optimization分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李继昊,王相友,朱然辉,苏国梁..定位夹切式马铃薯种薯切块装置设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2026,42(13):111-119,9.基金项目
山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SD2019NJ010) （SD2019NJ010）
