水科学进展2026，Vol.37Issue(5)：951-964,14.DOI:10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2026.05.014
基于断面形态的多站水力几何法适应性分析
Applicability analysis of the at-many-stations hydraulic geometry method based on cross-sectional morphology
摘要
Abstract
The complex cross-sectional morphology of alpine gorge rivers often reduces the stability of discharge retrieval using the at-many-stations hydraulic geometry(AMHG)method.Focusing on this problem,this study extracted cross-sectional morphological characteristics of the Upper Jinshajiang River(China)during dry,normal-flow,and flood seasons from Sentinel-2 images.K-means clustering was adopted to classify the river sections into four types:unilateral open asymmetric sections(T1),bilateral open asymmetric sections(T2),bilateral open symmetric sections(T3),and symmetric narrow-deep sections(T4).Variations in the AMHG width exponent and discharge retrieval accuracy under different morphological conditions were further analyzed.Results indicated that T1 sections,characterized by moderate openness and slight asymmetry,are conducive to maintaining a stable width—discharge power-law relationship.Among them,subclass 13 exhibited better performance;except for the Batang Station,the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient was>0.74 and the correlation coefficient was>0.90.T2 sections are strongly affected by floodplain inundation and lateral momentum exchange,resulting in high parameter dispersion.T3 and T4 sections show weak AMHG sensitivity because of energy equilibrium or topographic constraints.The dry-to-flood-season width ratio revealed a statistically significant negative correlation with the width—discharge power-law exponent b(r≈-0.66),controlling for the monotonic variation of b.In contrast,flood-season flow deviation had a statistically significant positive correlation with b(r≈0.67),causing a sharp increase in dispersion in the upper quantiles,which reflects gradient-control and threshold-amplification effects.These findings indicate that cross-sectional morphology affects AMHG parameter stability by regulating river-width response characteristics.Morphology-based classification can provide a basis for assessing AMHG applicability and selecting suitable sections in ungauged rivers in complex mountainous regions.关键词
多站水力几何法/断面形态/流量测算/遥感/金沙江上游Key words
at-many-stations hydraulic geometry/cross-sectional morphology/discharge retrieval/remote sensing/Upper Jinshajiang River分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
李泽林,龚家国,蒋云钟,范严伟,王浩..基于断面形态的多站水力几何法适应性分析[J].水科学进展,2026,37(5):951-964,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(U2240202 （）
52394233) The study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2240202 （）
No.52394233). （）
