现代妇产科进展2026，Vol.35Issue(8)：588-594,601,8.DOI:10.13283/j.cnki.xdfckjz.2026.08.031
足月妊娠不同时限小于胎龄儿的母儿相关因素分析
Analysis of maternal and fetal factors associated with small-for-gestational-age infants at different gestational age limits in full-term pregnancy
摘要
Abstract
Objective:To explore the factors related to adverse maternal and fetal out-comes in early full-term and complete full-term small for gestational age(SGA)during different periods of full-term pregnancy.Methods:Select pregnant women who delivered full-term single-ton infants with SGA at Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital from January 1,2023 to December 31,2024:pregnant women who delivered early full-term infants with SGA(139 cases)and pregnant women who delivered complete full-term infants with SGA(270 ca-ses),and randomly pair them with pregnant women who delivered early full-term infants of ap-propriate for gestational age(AGA)and complete full-term infants of AGA.Retrospective analy-sis of maternal and fetal data and pregnancy outcomes between SGA and AGA at different gesta-tional ages in full-term pregnancies.Results:(1)Basic information:There were 9312 cases of full-term singleton pregnancies,with the incidence of SGA being 4.62%.The ratio of males and females was 52.48%and 47.52%respectively.The incidence of early full-term SGA was 1.49%,and that of complete full-term SGA was 2.90%.The proportion of first-time mothers in the early full-term and complete full-term SGA groups was higher than that in the AGA group(early full-term:76.3%vs 65.5%;complete full-term:86.7%vs 77.7%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In the complete full-term SGA group,the proportion of first pregnancy was higher than that in the AGA group(67.8%vs 60.5%),and the gestational weight gain(GWG)of pregnant women with low body mass index(BMI)and normal BMI be-fore pregnancy was lower than that in the AGA group[low weight type:(13.14±4.41)kg vs(15.20±4.44)kg;normal weight type:[(13.19±4.82)kg vs(14.11±4.49)kg],and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)Maternal pregnancy-related complications and pregnancy outcomes:The incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy(HDP)in the early full-term and complete full-term SGA group was higher than that in the corresponding ges-tational age AGA group(early full-term:23.7%vs 13.7%;complete full-term:9.3%vs 5.1%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the incidences of gestational diabetes,pregnancy with hypothyroidism,pregnancy anemia,postpartum hemorrhage,and cesarean section(P>0.05).(3)Newborn out-comes:The proportion of male infants in the complete full-term SGA group was higher than that in the AGA group(62.6%vs 50.8%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the gender of newborns between the early full-term SGA group and the AGA group(P>0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in amniotic fluid contamination and the rate of transfer to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)between the early full-term and complete fully-term SGA groups and the AGA group(P>0.05).(4)Regression analysis:The binary logistic regression analysis showed that primiparity and HDP were risk factors for early full-term and complete full-term SGA,while GWG was an independent protective factor for complete full-term SGA.Conclusion:Primiparity and HDP are risk factors for early full-term and complete full-term SGA.All pregnant women with pre-pregnancy BMI classification should be encouraged to achieve appropriate GWG to im-prove pregnancy outcomes.关键词
足月妊娠/早期足月/完全足月/小于胎龄儿/孕前体质量指数/孕期体重增加Key words
Full-term pregnancy/Early full-term/Complete full-term/Small for gesta-tional age/Pre-pregnancy body mass index/Gestational weight gain分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
孔旭晨,张鑫,殷茵,周欣..足月妊娠不同时限小于胎龄儿的母儿相关因素分析[J].现代妇产科进展,2026,35(8):588-594,601,8.基金项目
2023年江苏省自然科学基金(No:BK20231370) （No:BK20231370）
江苏省妇幼保健2020年青年医学研究项目(No:FYRC 202010) （No:FYRC 202010）
江苏省医院妇幼健康高质量发展研究项目(No:GZL2525) （No:GZL2525）
