空军军医大学学报2026，Vol.47Issue(8)：1238-1248,11.DOI:10.13276/j.issn.2097-1656.2026.08.024
神经毒剂暴露致神经系统损伤的防治研究进展
Advances in prevention and management of neurological injuries induced by nerve agent exposure
摘要
Abstract
Nerve agents are chemical weapons that primarily damage the cholinergic nervous system,leading to target organ injury and causing lethality even at trace doses.Exposure to nerve agents or organophosphorus pesticides can induce acute and chronic damage to both the central and peripheral nervous systems,thereby triggering pathological changes such as acute cholinergic crisis,intermediate syndrome,and organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy.High-dose exposure may rapidly lead to death due to respiratory failure or circulatory collapse.Emergency management and medical intervention for neurological damage after nerve agent exposure are crucial for countering potential chemical weapon threats and improving battlefield survival rates.This article systematically reviews recent domestic and international advances in the development and classification of nerve agents,their toxicological mechanisms,acute and chronic effects,as well as exposure prevention and treatment,aiming to provide a reference for the prevention and management of nerve agent poisoning.关键词
神经毒剂/有机磷农药/乙酰胆碱/胆碱能神经系统/急性胆碱能危象/接触后治疗/毒理学机制/战场急救Key words
nerve agents/organophosphorus pesticides/acetylcholine/cholinergic nervous system/acute cholinergic crisis/post-exposure treatment/toxicological mechanisms/battlefield first aid分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
王俣辰,刘勃志,倪子薇,吴菲菲,黄云强,吴昊,王亚云..神经毒剂暴露致神经系统损伤的防治研究进展[J].空军军医大学学报,2026,47(8):1238-1248,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(82201627) （82201627）
陕西省创新能力建设支持计划项目(2023-CX-PT-33) （2023-CX-PT-33）
