中国兽医杂志2026，Vol.62Issue(8)：1-11,11.DOI:10.20157/j.cnki.zgsyzz.2026.08.001
水产源枯草芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定及其潜在益生特性分析
Isolation,Identification,and Analysis of Its Potential Probiotic Properties of Aquaculture-Derived Bacillus subtilis
摘要
Abstract
To screen for bacteria with potential probiotic effects on fish,this study performed isolation and identification of Bacillus strains from the intestinal contents of healthy fish and from aquaculture water samples.The obtained Bacillus isolates were subjected to in vitro probiotic characterization,including assessments of antibacterial activity,enzyme-producing potential,hemolytic activity,antibiotic susceptibility,growth curve,tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal fluids,adhesion capacity,and whole-genome sequencing analysis.The results showed that a total of 16 Bacillus strains were isolated,among which one strain,Bacillus subtilis GDGF26 3-1-1,was successfully selected.This strain exhibited strong antibacterial potential against two aquatic pathogens,Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio parahaemolyticus,with inhibition zone diameters≥15 mm.The strain also demonstrated strong enzyme-producing potential(hydrolysis zone diameters≥16 mm),displayed α-hemolytic activity,was susceptible to all eight tested antibiotics,grew well,and achieved a survival rate of 140.34%in simulated small intestinal fluid,along with notable auto-aggregation capacity and cell-surface hydrophobicity in vitro.Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the strain harbored genes associated with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity,antifungal activity,anti-biofilm formation,and environmental tolerance.It did not contain the unequivocally pathogenic core virulence genes,including those encoding cereulide,the hemolytic enterotoxin nhe gene complex(nheA,nheB,and nheC),and the enterotoxin FM gene(entFM).Moreover,the strain lacked acquired antimicrobial resistance genes with potential for horizontal transfer,while possessing the genetic basis for synthesizing multiple lipopeptide and polyketide antimicrobial compounds.Collectively,these findings indicate that B.subtilis GDGF26 3-1-1 exhibits considerable in vitro probiotic potential in terms of antibacterial activity,enzyme production,simulated intestinal fluid adaptability,and genetic safety,thereby representing a candidate strain for aquatic probiotics and providing a strain reference for subsequent evaluations of sporulation characteristics,formulation stability,and in vivo efficacy in aquatic animals.关键词
益生菌/枯草芽孢杆菌/分离鉴定/益生性能/全基因组测序Key words
probiotics/Bacillus subtilis/separation and identification/prebiotic properties/whole genome sequencing分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王雅烁,林彩盈,王伊妍,陈苡涵,王振权,肖佳琪,刘艺云,刘健华..水产源枯草芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定及其潜在益生特性分析[J].中国兽医杂志,2026,62(8):1-11,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(321022721) （321022721）
