中国水土保持科学2026，Vol.24Issue(4)：150-160,11.DOI:10.16843/j.sswc.2026101
《联合国防治荒漠化公约》干旱议题发展过程及中国的角色定位与对策
Evolution of drought issues under United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification and China's role positioning and countermeasures
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]In the context of global climate change,drought has become a critical issue on the global governance agenda.This study aims to examine the evolutionary trajectory of drought issues within the framework of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification(UNCCD),and to analyze China's role positioning and selected pathways of engagement in the relevant negotiations.[Methods]From the perspective of international regime effectiveness,this study adopted a combination of process tracing,SWOT(strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats)analysis,the best-worst method(BWM),and Boston Matrix analysis to evaluate China's negotiation behavior on drought issues across the Conference of the Parties(COP1-COP16),operationalized through two primary dimensions:willingness to participate and capacity to participate.[Results]The results showed that the drought agenda under the UNCCD progressed through five distinct stages:the initial regime-building stage,the monitoring initiation stage,the scientific support stage,the agenda-upgrading stage,and the deep governance stage.The thematic focus shifted progressively from institutional frameworks and monitoring and assessment toward science-policy interfaces,operational mechanism development,and multilateral cooperation.In the drought negotiations,China's role gradually evolved from an ordinary participant,to an active participant,a contributor,a promoter,and ultimately to a leader.Correspondingly,its matrix position shifted from"low willingness-low capacity"during COP1-COP9,to"relatively high willingness-relatively high capacity"during COP10-COP11,and then to"high willingness-high capacity"during COP12-COP16.Overall,China's strategic pathway exhibited a gradual evolutionary pattern characterized by"willingness taking the lead,capacity following suit".[Conclusions]In conclusion,China should adopt measures such as"improving internal capacity building""strengthening external risk response"and"enhancing negotiation capacity",so as to contribute a"Chinese solution"to institutional progress and international consensus-building under the drought agenda framework of the UNCCD.关键词
干旱/中国/《联合国防治荒漠化公约》/全球治理/对策Key words
drought/China/United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification/global governance/countermeasures分类
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王萍,包岩峰,高广磊,许杨,丁国栋,张英..《联合国防治荒漠化公约》干旱议题发展过程及中国的角色定位与对策[J].中国水土保持科学,2026,24(4):150-160,11.基金项目
国家林业和草原局委托项目"国际干旱韧性问题发展应对策略研究"(2025HXFWSBXY018) Commissioned Project of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration''Research on Development Strategies for International Drought Resilience"(2025HXFWSBXY018). （2025HXFWSBXY018）
