摘要
Abstract
To optimize the fertilization regime for middle-season rice and achieve precise nutrient supply alongside synergistic enhancement of yield and economic benefits,this study employed the middle-season rice variety Jingliangyouhuazhan as the experimental material.A random assignment design was adopted,comprising two fertilization regimes:conventional fertilization and soil testing-based formulated fertilization.Under each regime,4 treatments were established,namely full fertilization(NPK),nitrogen omission(PK),phosphorus omission(NK),and potassium omission(NP),with an additional zero-fertilizer control(CK),resulting in a total of 9 treatments.Parameters determined for each treatment included soil nutrient status,growth duration,agronomic and economic traits,grain yield and economic returns,as well as fertilizer use efficiency.The results showed that under formulated fertilization,the average declines in soil organic matter and available potassium content relative to pre-experimental levels were 4.73 g/kg and 47.5 mg/kg,respectively,which were lower than those recorded under conventional fertilization.The formulated NPK treatment exhibited effective panicles of 20.7×10⁴ panicles/667 m²,seed setting rate of 83.8%,1 000-grain weight of 21.7 g,grain yield of 582.6 kg/667 m²,and net economic return of 1 461.2 yuan/667 m²,all of which were higher than those in the conventional NPK treatment.Furthermore,the formulated NPK treatment yielded higher concentrations of total N,total P,and total K in both grains and straw(1.140,0.314,0.334 g/100 g in grains and 0.694,0.137,2.690 g/100 g in straw,respectively)compared to the conventional NPK treatment.The nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizer use efficiencies in the formulated NPK treatment were 30.90%,16.49%,and 33.44%,respectively,representing increases of 3.61,1.00,and 9.06 percentage points over the conventional NPK treatment.In conclusion,formulated fertilization can mitigate the depletion of soil organic matter and the loss of available potassium,while simultaneously improving rice agronomic and economic traits,reducing production costs,enhancing fertilization profitability,and promoting plant nutrient uptake and utilization.The findings of this study provide a reference for optimizing fertilization strategies for middle-season rice in the region.关键词
中稻/配方施肥/经济效益/肥料利用率Key words
middle-season rice/formulated fertilization/economic benefits/fertilizer use efficiency分类
农业科技
