环境与职业医学2026，Vol.43Issue(8)：944-950,7.DOI:10.11836/JEOM26086
大气污染物复合暴露对呼吸系统疾病死亡效应的空气质量健康指数构建:基于加权分位数和回归模型
Development of an air quality health index for respiratory disease mortality associated with air pollutant mixtures using weighted quantile sum regression
摘要
Abstract
[Background]The air quality index(AQI),which is based on the concentration of a dominant pol-lutant,and the air quality health index(AQHI),which is constructed using excess risk estimates for individual pollutants,may not fully capture the health risks associated with combined exposure to air pollutants.These approaches also provide limited information on the relative contributions of different pollutants.Given the geographical heterogeneity in the composition and health effects of air pollutant mixtures,it is necessary to develop region-and disease-specific AQHIs for different population groups. [Objective]To develop and evaluate a health risk-based AQHI for respiratory disease mortality associated with air pollutant mixtures using the weighted quantile sum(WQS)regression model and to quantify the relative weight contributions of selected pollutants. [Methods]Daily data on six air pollutants,the AQI,meteorological factors,and deaths from res-piratory diseases in the central urban districts of Tianjin from 2014 to 2019 were collected and integrated into a time-series database.First,generalized additive models(GAMs)were applied to identify indicator pollutants associated with respiratory disease mortality.Second,the WQS regression model was then applied to estimate the relative weight contributions of selected pollutants and to establish the exposure-response relationship between air pollutant mixtures and respiratory disease mortality for AQHI development.Finally,the exposure-response relationships of the AQHI and AQI with respiratory disease mortality were evaluated and compared across population subgroups and seasons. [Results]Fine particulate matter(PM2.5),inhalable particulate matter(PM10),sulfur dioxide(SO2),and ozone(O3)were identified as indicator pollutants for combined air pollution exposure.Particulate matter,including PM2.5 and PM10,and O3 contributed the most to the mixture index,followed by SO2.Each interquartile range(IQR)increase in the WQS-based AQHI was significantly associated with respiratory disease mortality in the total population,males,elderly individuals,non-elderly individuals,and during the warm season.The corresponding excess risks(ER)were 3.79%(95%CI:1.24%,6.27%),4.37%(95%CI:0.96%,7.67%),3.16%(95%CI:0.47%,5.77%),9.36%(95%CI:2.01%,16.15%),and 7.13%(95%CI:1.31%,13.30%),respectively.Compared with the AQI,the AQHI showed stronger associations with respiratory disease mortality across different population subgroups and seasons. [Conclusion]PM2.5,PM10,and O3 contribute substantially to the association between air pollutant mixtures and respiratory disease mortality in Tianjin.Compared with the AQI,the WQS-based AQHI better characterizes the association between air quality and respiratory disease mortality across population subgroups.关键词
大气污染/加权分位数和回归/空气质量指数/空气质量健康指数/呼吸系统疾病Key words
air pollution/weighted quantile sum regression/air quality index/air quality health index/respiratory disease分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
倪洋,张继勉,曾强..大气污染物复合暴露对呼吸系统疾病死亡效应的空气质量健康指数构建:基于加权分位数和回归模型[J].环境与职业医学,2026,43(8):944-950,7.基金项目
天津市医学重点建设学科项目(TJYXZDXK-3-020B) （TJYXZDXK-3-020B）
