上海预防医学2026，Vol.38Issue(7)：517-521,5.DOI:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2026.250428
2010-2024年哈尔滨市猩红热流行病学特征分析
Epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Harbin City from 2010 to 2024
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To analyze scarlet fever surveillance data in Harbin City from 2010 to 2024,to preliminarily understand its incidence level and epidemiological characteristics,and to provide a scientific basis for the further formulation of effective prevention and control strategies.[Methods]Scarlet fever surveillance data for Harbin City from January 1,2010 to December 31,2024 were collected through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Descriptive epidemiological analyses were conducted using incidence rates and constituent ratios.[Results]From 2010 to 2024,a total of 11 052 scarlet fever cases were reported in Harbin City,during the 15-year period,with an average annual reported incidence of 7.65/100 000.The overall annual incidence rate showed a fluctuating downward trend,with epidemic peaks occurring from April to July each year and from November to January of the following year.The age group of 0 to 9 years had the highest incidence rate at 6.47/100 000.The majority of cases were students(4 707 cases,42.59%),children in nurseries and kindergartens(3 289 cases,29.76%)and scattered children(2 941 cases,26.61%),together accounting for 98.96%of all cases.The incidence ratio of male to female was 1.53∶1.The average annual incidence rate was 9.23/100 000 for males and 6.07/100 000 for females.Over the 15-year period,all 18 districts(counties)in Harbin City had reported cases.The top five areas with the highest average annual reported incidence of scarlet fever were Acheng District(14.45/100 000),Xiangfang District(12.73/100 000),Pingfang District(12.10/100 000),Bin County(10.29/100 000)and Daowai District(10.08/100 000).[Conclusion]From 2010 to 2024,the overall incidence of scarlet fever in Harbin City presented a downward trend.The disease prevailed mainly in spring-summer and autumn-winter,rather than year-round,with cases concentrated in densely populated districts and counties.Children and adolescents constituted the major affected population.The incidence was slightly higher in males,and school-age children accounted for a larger proportion than other age groups.Comprehensive preventive measures should focus on health education in key endemic areas,strengthen targeted protection for high-risk groups,and enhance epidemic surveillance and early warning.关键词
哈尔滨市/猩红热/流行病学特征/时空聚集/呼吸道传染病/A组乙型溶血性链球菌Key words
Harbin City/scarlet fever/epidemiological characteristic/spatiotemporal clustering/respiratory infectious disease/group A β-hemdytic分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
李旭颖,车明杰,刘英涛,邸宇峰,李世娥..2010-2024年哈尔滨市猩红热流行病学特征分析[J].上海预防医学,2026,38(7):517-521,5.基金项目
2023年黑龙江省卫生健康委科技计划项目(20231212050213) （20231212050213）
