森林工程2026，Vol.42Issue(5)：893-907,15.DOI:10.7525/j.issn.1006-8023.2026.05.002
基于室内点烧试验的红松不同密度与冠层间距下双冠层树冠火水平蔓延规律
Horizontal Spread of Crown Fires in a Dual-Layer Pinus koraiensis Canopy:Effects of Bulk Density and Canopy Gap Width Revealed through Controlled Ignition Experiments
摘要
Abstract
Crown fires are among the most destructive forest forms of wildland fire,however,their spread mechanisms within multi-layer canopy structures remain insufficiently understood.Therefore,this work focused on Pinus koraiensis plantation,characterized by high crow fire susceptibility.Through a series of controlled laboratory experiments,we in-vestigated the coupled regulatory effects of horizontal canopy spacing and canopy bulk density on crown fire spread behav-ior and burning intensity in a dual-layer canopy system,with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for refined fire mod-eling and prevention strategies.Experiments were conducted in a wind-free indoor environment,and the research was carried out through controlled dual-layer canopy crown fire burning experiments.The primary variables were the bulk density loads of two canopies and the horizontal spacing between canopy elements,each examined at three gradient lev-els.A thermocouple array and heat flux sensors were deployed to simultaneously measure internal temperature fields,ra-diant heat flux density,and flame front arrival times.All experimental conditions were fully replicated,with surface fire spread and adiabatic configurations included as control groups for comparison.Under calm wind and laboratory small-scale conditions,the research results indicated that:(1)radiant heat transfer was the dominant mechanism for energy transfer between canopies(without direct flame contact),and the proportion of heat flow remained stable at 40%-46%.(2)There was a clear control mechanism transition in the system.As the spacing decreased,the fire spread processed transitions from fuel control to heat transfer control mechanism.(3)There was a clear temperature threshold for the igni-tion of the second canopy(250℃),and the front edge temperature can serve as an effective real-time prediction indica-tor.(4)The heat flux density of the first canopy had a nonlinear reinforcing effect on the overall fire behavior of the sys-tem.There was an optimal ratio and a clear overload critical value,and it weakened after exceeding the critical value.(5)Under the influence of the first canopy,the reignited second canopy showed a 50%probability of its temperature sig-nificantly exceeding the intensity ceiling of natural spread(up to 105.63℃higher),achieving enhanced combustion performance.This illustrates hte complexity of crown fire as a multi factor systyem,indicating that any model aimed at precise prediction must take into account the nonlinear mechanisms of the interactions among the canopy structures.关键词
树冠火/火行为/水平双冠层/可燃物密度/辐射热流/红松人工林Key words
Crown fire/fire behavior/horizontally arranged dual-layer canopy/bulk density/radiant heat flux/Pinus koraiensis plantation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
高江雪,胡同欣,孙龙,杜意民,齐振博,陈伯轩,范佳乐..基于室内点烧试验的红松不同密度与冠层间距下双冠层树冠火水平蔓延规律[J].森林工程,2026,42(5):893-907,15.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3003002) （2022YFC3003002）
黑龙江省重点研发计划项目(ZZDYF250100002). （ZZDYF250100002）
