摘要
Abstract
Based on the production practices of aromatic rice,this paper summarized the key points for high-yield cultivation.For variety selection,elite varieties with stress resistance and mechanical-harvesting suitability,such as Meibaxiangzhan,were chosen.For robust seedling cultivation,sowing dates were scientifically planned to avoid low temperatures in early spring or late autumn;seeds were sun-dried and sterilized with trichloroisocyanuric acid(TCCA)for germination.Plastic tray seedling raising was adopted,with film mulching in the early season and shading in the late season.Seedlings were broadcast at the 3.5-4.5 leaf stage and transplanted manually at the 4.0-4.5 leaf stage,using wide-narrow row planting.Water and fertilizer management followed the principles of"sufficient basal fertilizer,early tillering fertilizer,precise panicle fertilizer,and supplementary grain fertilizer".Basal application consisted of urea at 10 kg/667 m2 and superphosphate at 25 kg/667 m2,supplemented with organic fertilizer.Tillering fertilizer was applied in two splits;panicle fertilizer was applied judiciously at the panicle initiation stage;and potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed after full heading.Water management adopted the strategy of"shallow water for transplanting,thin water for tillering,field drying at the critical tillering stage,deep water at heading,and moist irrigation during grain filling".Field drying was initiated when each hill reached 8-10 tillers.Diseases and pests control adhered to the principle of prevention first and comprehensive prevention and control.Agricultural measures included increased organic fertilizer application,scientific nitrogen-potassium ratios,and timely field drying.Physical measures included mesh filters,molluscicides,and light and sticky traps.Chemical control targeted rice blast,sheath blight,planthoppers,and rice leaf folder,with precise application of agents such as tricyclazole,Jinggangmycin,triflumezopyrim,and Metarhizium anisopliae.Harvesting was carried out at 25 days after full heading for early rice and 30 days after full heading for late rice,when more than 90%of the grains were yellow-ripe and moisture content was below 20%.After harvest,the grains were promptly dried to a moisture content below 13.5%for storage.This paper provides a reference for the promotion and cultivation of aromatic rice.关键词
香稻/栽培技术/水肥管理/综合防治Key words
aromatic rice/cultivation techniques/water and fertilizer management/comprehensive prevention and control分类
农业科技
