工程科学学报2026，Vol.48Issue(9)：1963-1975,13.DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2026.01.29.001
高陡边坡深孔台阶电子雷管微差爆破振动衰减规律及控制技术
Vibration attenuation law and control technology for high-steep slope deep-hole bench blasting with millisecond delay using electronic detonator
摘要
Abstract
Deep-hole bench blasting is a widely adopted technique for the excavation of high-steep slopes.The use of electronic detonators for hole-by-hole millisecond initiation has become critical for mitigating the hazards posed by blasting vibrations to slope stability and the surrounding environment.However,under this initiation mode,stress waves generated from sequentially detonated blastholes undergo complex temporal and spatial superposition and interference owing to millisecond delays.This complexity makes it difficult to define the maximum charge per delay,a core parameter in the traditional Sadovsky formula for blasting vibration prediction,thereby severely compromising the accuracy of peak particle velocity(PPV)forecasting and attenuation law analysis.To address this challenge,this paper proposes a systematic method for calculating the equivalent charge per delay and an analytical framework for vibration attenuation specifically tailored to hole-by-hole millisecond blasting using electronic detonators.The methodology begins with specialized single-hole blasting tests at the target site to accurately collect vibration waveform data.These data were used for regression a nalysis to calibrate the fundamental attenuation parameters of the Sadovsky formula,which reflect the local lithology and topographic characteristics.Subsequently,the overall vibration effect of a multihole,hole-by-hole blast was conceptually transformed into a virtual single-hole blasting problem.The virtual blast originates from a weighted average blast center and is characterized by a specific charge.Using nonlinear fitting algorithms,the global site coefficient and unique equivalent charge per delay for a specific blast event were derived simultaneously.To verify the physical rationality of this equivalent charge,this paper introduces the Hilbert-Huang transform time-frequency analysis method.By calculating the instantaneous energy distribution of the vibration waveform,the method identified the actual number of blastholes contributing to energy superposition during the main vibration period.This yielded an energy-peak-based equivalent charge,enabling mutual verification from both waveform fitting and energy mechanism perspectives.To validate the reliability and universality of the proposed method,field tests were conducted on a high-steep slope excavation project at the Chongqing Wujiang Baima Navigation Power Junction.Blasting schemes with varying hole numbers and scales were designed.The results demonstrate that the vibration attenuation model,fitted based on the equivalent blast source and fixed attenuation parameters,showed good applicability for hole-by-hole millisecond blasts of different scales,ranging from 7 to 152 holes.The goodness-of-fit(R2)between the predicted curves and the measured data exceeded 0.85,and the average prediction error was controlled to within 20%,meeting the engineering accuracy requirements.Verification using the energy peak method showed a high degree of agreement between the calculated equivalent charge and the model-fitted value,confirming the validity of the model.Furthermore,a comparative analysis of the blasting effects under different interhole delays(10,15,20,and 35 ms)revealed the significant influence of the delay parameters on the equivalent charge and vibration reduction effectiveness.Under the specific geological conditions of this project,an interhole delay of 20 ms resulted in the minimum equivalent charge and optimal vibration reduction effect.This study provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for vibration law analysis and delay parameter optimization in hole-by-hole millisecond blasting using electronic detonators.关键词
台阶爆破/逐孔爆破/质点峰值振动速度(PPV)/振动衰减规律/电子雷管Key words
bench blasting/hole-by-hole blasting/peak particle velocity(PPV)/vibration attenuation law/electronic detonator分类
通用工业技术引用本文复制引用
罗雪,吴晓东,王剑,龚敏,杨正平,王博,吕小强,吴礼军..高陡边坡深孔台阶电子雷管微差爆破振动衰减规律及控制技术[J].工程科学学报,2026,48(9):1963-1975,13.基金项目
北京市科协青年人才托举工程资助项目(BYESS2024046) （BYESS2024046）
