测试科学与仪器2026，Vol.17Issue(3)：367-374,8.DOI:10.62756/jmsi.1674-8042.2026031
基于量子估计的超分辨测量
Super-resolution measurement with quantum estimation
摘要
Abstract
Optical precision measurement is evolving from conventional intensity and phase readout toward a paradigm centered on mode selection,statistical estimation,and information extraction.Conventional intensity-and phase-based schemes can achieve high sensitivity,but their performance is often constrained by finite-aperture diffraction,reference stability,optical path control,and environmental perturbations in systems.Quantum estimation theory provides a physical framework for optical resolution and measurement precision by optimizing the measurement basis.Inspired by spatial mode demultiplexing,this paper extends quantum parameter estimation from incoherent point-source resolution to small-displacement measurement.Metasurface enabled mode control converts displacement induced optical-field variations into measurable changes in orthogonal modal coefficients,providing a route for extracting sub-diffraction-scale displacement information.This paper introduces Rayleigh's curse,Fisher information,and spatial mode projection,discusses their applications in one-dimensional displacement measurement and two-dimensional super-resolution imaging,and outlines future directions in digital optics,Engineering Optics 2.0,mode-basis optimization,two-dimensional information reconstruction,and intelligent optical measurement systems for engineering applications.关键词
量子估计/空间模式解复用/精密位移测量/超表面/超分辨成像/数字光学Key words
quantum estimation/spatial mode demultiplexing/precision displacement measurement/metasurface/super-resolution imaging/digital optics引用本文复制引用
叶文怡,姚佳,周江宁,李阳,蒲明博,罗先刚..基于量子估计的超分辨测量[J].测试科学与仪器,2026,17(3):367-374,8.基金项目
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U24A20317,52488301,U24A6010,2025YFF0514300),and West Light Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.xbzgzdsys-202206,xbzg-zdsys-202307). （Nos.U24A20317,52488301,U24A6010,2025YFF0514300）
