铁道科学与工程学报2026，Vol.23Issue(8)：3620-3631,12.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20251609
高速铁路牵引回流磁场俘能方法研究
A magnetic field energy harvesting approach for traction return currents in high-speed railways
摘要
Abstract
In order to solve the problems of difficult maintenance of cable power supply and limited battery life in high-speed railway wireless monitoring sensors,a magnetic field energy capture device based on electromagnetic induction was proposed to collect the alternating magnetic field energy generated by rail traction reflux and realize the self-power supply of the sensor.Considering the stringent safety requirements of high-speed train operation and the limited space beneath the rails,the device was innovatively installed on the side of the track slab rather than the bottom of the rail,which effectively reduced the potential impact on the safety of high-speed train operation.The main structure of the harvester consisted of an I-shaped laminated silicon steel magnetic core and a wound coil;the laminated configuration effectively suppressed eddy current loss and increased output power,while the coil on the central magnetic rod enhanced magnetic flux concentration.A series tuning capacitor was incorporated into the external circuit so that the harvester operates in a nearly purely resistive state,thereby optimizing load matching and improving power transfer.A three-dimensional finite element model was developed in COMSOL Multiphysics to calculate the magnetic flux distribution,equivalent resistance and inductance,as well as the eddy current loss in the core.The harvester was further represented as a Thevenin equivalent voltage source and incorporated into a circuit model to predict the output power.A prototype was fabricated and an experimental platform was constructed to measure the output under various tuning capacitances,rail currents and load resistances.The results show that,under optimal tuning capacitance and load resistance,when the rail current is 300 A the maximum average output power obtained from simulation and experiment reaches 96.1 mW and 95.2 mW,respectively.The close agreement between the two confirms the accuracy of the model and the robustness of the design,and demonstrates that the proposed magnetic field energy harvesting approach provides a stable and reliable power-supply solution for self-powered high-speed railway monitoring systems.关键词
磁场/能量俘获装置/高速铁路/轨道/自供能Key words
magnetic field/energy harvester/high-speed railway/track/self-powered monitoring分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
左承成,匡洋..高速铁路牵引回流磁场俘能方法研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2026,23(8):3620-3631,12.基金项目
国家优秀青年科学基金项目(海外)项目(2023HWYQ05) （海外）
中国中铁股份有限公司科技研究开发计划重大专项(2023-重大-07) （2023-重大-07）
