铁道科学与工程学报2026，Vol.23Issue(8)：3982-3991,10.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20251604
网格式石墨烯应变传感元件的制备及其性能分析
Preparation and performance analysis of grid-patterned graphene-based strain sensor
摘要
Abstract
To address the limitations of conventional strain monitoring techniques in satisfying the requirements for monitoring large strains and cracks in engineering structures,waterborne polyurethane(WPU)was selected as the elastic matrix and graphene(Gn)as the conductive filler.Five WPU-based Gn conductive composite slurries with Gn contents ranging from 0.50%to 1.5%were prepared via solution blending.A flat-plate reservoir-type polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)mold was designed and fabricated to prepare a grid-patterned graphene strain-sensing layer,which was subsequently cut and encapsulated to produce a novel grid-patterned graphene-based strain sensor.Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the microstructure of the strain-sensing layer.An electromechanical universal testing machine and a digital multimeter were used to evaluate the mechanical properties,electrical properties,and sensing performance of the sensor under different tensile conditions.The results show that the WPU-based Gn conductive composite slurry can cure in the PTFE mold to form a relatively stable grid-patterned conductive network,and that the sensing layer adheres well to the encapsulation layer.As the Gn content increases from 0.50%to 1.5%,the elastic modulus of the sensor gradually increases,whereas its initial resistance gradually decreases and tends to stabilize.During the initial monotonic tensile test,the relative resistance change is positively correlated with strain;it increases relatively slowly within the strain range of 0%～25%and rapidly within the range of 25%～50%.During cyclic tensile tests,the relative resistance change-strain response gradually stabilizes after five tensile cycles.Within the strain range of 0%～10%,the grid-patterned graphene-based strain sensor with 0.75%Gn achieves a gauge factor of 16.4 and a nonlinear error of 3%,demonstrating superior overall performance.The grid-patterned graphene-based strain sensor has a wide strain measurement range and a high gauge factor,providing a novel method for structural health monitoring.关键词
石墨烯/导电聚合物复合材料/应变传感/制备工艺/性能分析Key words
graphene/conductive polymer composites/strain sensing/preparation process/performance analysis分类
通用工业技术引用本文复制引用
刘晓春,秦煜婷,董荣珍,石睿杰,余志武,伍军,项诸宝..网格式石墨烯应变传感元件的制备及其性能分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2026,23(8):3982-3991,10.基金项目
中国中铁股份有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(重大专项课题,编号:2022-专项-09) （重大专项课题,编号:2022-专项-09）
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51778628,51578547) （51778628,51578547）
