电焊机2026，Vol.56Issue(9)：10-22,13.DOI:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.09.02
中厚板脉冲激光+CMT电弧复合热源单道焊双面成形高效焊接技术工艺开发
Development of High-Efficiency Pulsed Laser+CMT Arc Hybrid One-Pass Welding with Back-Formation for Medium-Thick Steel Plates
摘要
Abstract
To address the extensive groove preparation and high filler metal consumption associated with conventional multi-pass welding of medium-thick low-carbon steel plates,as well as the poor stability of the back-weld appearance during one-pass full-penetration welding,a pulsed laser-cold metal transfer(CMT)arc hybrid welding process was proposed.10 mm-thick Q235B steel plates were used to investigate the effects of the heat-source leading mode,laser-arc distance,and laser pulse parameters on arc stability,weld penetration,and weld appearance.A Box-Behnken design was further employed to optimize the pulse frequency and duty cycle of the laser beam.The results showed that the laser-leading mode reduced fluc-tuations in arc voltage and droplet-transfer period.If the continuous laser was used,the weld penetration state changed abruptly between incomplete penetration and back humping weld.While the pulsed laser can provide additional control of the instantaneous penetration capability to inhibit the formation of back humping weld,the duty cycle had a more significant effect on back-weld appearance than the pulse frequency.At the optimized parameter combination of a pulse frequency of 112 Hz and a duty cycle of 91%,sound one-pass welding with back-formation was achieved without groove or back-forming assistance.The tensile specimens fractured in the base metal,and the tensile strength and elongation were 478.4 MPa and 22.9%,respectively.The room-temperature impact energies at the weld center and fusion zone were 55.9 J and 91.6 J,respectively,and the joint exhibited good overall mechanical properties.The developed welding process was used to manufacture hydraulic cylinder barrels with a 10 mm wall thickness;the welding efficiency increased by approximately 80%,filler wire consumption decreased by approximately 84%,and the roundness and concentricity deviations were less than 0.1 mm.The developed welding process offers a new technical approach to highly efficient,low-energy welding of medium-thick steel structures.关键词
激光+CMT电弧复合焊/中厚板/单道焊双面成形/脉冲激光/高效焊接Key words
laser+CMT arc hybrid welding/medium-thick plate/one-pass welding with back-formation/pulsed laser weld-ing/high-efficiency welding分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
樊祥辰,梁国栋,金鹏,秦国梁..中厚板脉冲激光+CMT电弧复合热源单道焊双面成形高效焊接技术工艺开发[J].电焊机,2026,56(9):10-22,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金区域创新发展基金重点项目(U21A20129) （U21A20129）
