分布式能源2026，Vol.11Issue(4)：1-14,14.DOI:10.16513/j.2096-2185.DE.26110098
面向配电网承载力提升的虚拟电厂形态演进:国际前沿与中国路径
Evolution of Virtual Power Plant Paradigms for Enhancing Distribution Network Hosting Capacity:International Frontiers and Chinese Pathways
摘要
Abstract
The large-scale integration of distributed photovoltaics and emerging loads has made limited distribution network hosting capacity a key physical bottleneck to the development of new-type power systems.Existing research on virtual power plants(VPPs)mostly focuses on commercial aggregation and optimal dispatch,lacking a systematic exploration of active support mechanisms for the underlying operational constraints of distribution networks.Stepping out of the single resource aggregation perspective,this paper proposes a four-stage evolutionary analysis framework for VPPs oriented towards enhancing distribution network hosting capacity,and systematically reviews international frontier practices from VPP 1.0(aggregation arbitrage)to VPP 4.0(hierarchical autonomy).Specifically,VPP 2.0 relies on the local autonomous control of smart inverters to mitigate voltage violations,effectively enhancing the static hosting capacity of distribution networks;VPP 3.0 introduces the dynamic operating envelope mechanism to decouple physical constraints from market optimization,deeply unlocking the spatiotemporal dynamic flexibility of the system;VPP 4.0 utilizes cellular energy systems and distributed collaborative algorithms to address the scalability bottleneck under the integration of hundreds of millions of nodes.On this basis,considering China's practical national conditions—specifically the management system based on secondary substation areas(transformer service areas)and the massive scale of legacy non-smart assets,this paper proposes a three-stage localized evolution pathway encompassing physical capability upgrades,physical-market decoupling,and cellular autonomy at the secondary substation level.This research provides theoretical references and engineering guidelines for the transformation of VPPs in China from pure commercial aggregators to technical aggregators equipped with physical support capabilities for distribution networks.关键词
虚拟电厂(VPP)/配电网承载力/形态演进/动态运行包络线/蜂窝能源系统/新型配电系统Key words
virtual power plant(VPP)/distribution network hosting capacity/paradigm evolution/dynamic operating envelope/cellular energy system/new-type distribution system分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
廉俊豪,黄宇翔,陈皓勇..面向配电网承载力提升的虚拟电厂形态演进:国际前沿与中国路径[J].分布式能源,2026,11(4):1-14,14.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB2403500) （2022YFB2403500）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(XHJH202512) This work is supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB2403500)and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.XHJH202512). （XHJH202512）
