干旱区研究2026，Vol.43Issue(9)：1805-1820,16.DOI:10.13866/j.azr.2026.09.02
中天山典型区域雪崩动力学特征及空间分布
Dynamic characteristics of snow avalanches and their spatial patterns in typical regions of the Central Tianshan Mountains
摘要
Abstract
Snow avalanches frequently occur in the Central Tianshan Mountains during winter and spring,seri-ously threatening regional transportation,life,and property.However,their dynamic characteristics and spatial distribution remain unclear.Moreover,the evolution of avalanche dynamics across different motion stages and paths remains unclear,hindering scientific hazard assessment.Based on field investigations and remote sensing data,this study examines 76 avalanches that occurred during the mid-winter of a typical year in an avalanche-prone area of the Central Tianshan Mountains.The spatial distribution characteristics of regional snow avalanch-es were analyzed,and their dynamic characteristics and spatiotemporal evolution were investigated using the RAMMS avalanche model.The results indicate the following:(1)Mid-winter avalanches in the study area are pri-marily triggered by continuous snowfall and snowstorms,with drastic diurnal temperature fluctuations acting as the inducing factor.Most avalanches are small in scale(approximately 88％),occur on sunny slopes(89％),and occur on slopes of 25°-50°(88％).(2)Dynamic characteristics differed substantially among different avalanche sites:release volumes ranged from 8.5 to 672.2 m3,maximum flow heights from 0.33 to 2.05 m,maximum flow ve-locities from 2.8 to 15.1 m·s-1,and maximum impact pressures from 1.84 to 68.65 kPa.Runout distance and slope gradient markedly influenced avalanche dynamics.(3)A typical avalanche lasts approximately 130 s.Velocity and impact pressure increase during the initial stage,kinetic energy remains relatively high during sliding,and dynamic forces diminish during deposition.Flow height along the motion path first decreases and increases,whereas impact pressure first increases and decreases,with both trends markedly influenced by terrain convergence.These findings reveal the dynamic characteristics of snow avalanches in typical regions of the Central Tianshan Mountains and pro-vide references for regional avalanche prevention and transportation risk management.关键词
雪崩/动力学特征/空间分布/RAMMS模型/中天山Key words
snow avalanche/dynamics characteristics/spatial distribution/RAMMS model/Central Tianshan Mountains引用本文复制引用
杜帅良,杨金明,黄法融,冯挺,李宏达,杨治纬,魏雯瑜,李兰海..中天山典型区域雪崩动力学特征及空间分布[J].干旱区研究,2026,43(9):1805-1820,16.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFC3013400) （2024YFC3013400）
第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk0600) （2022xjkk0600）
西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202-501ZY0006) （XZ202-501ZY0006）
