寒旱农业科学2026，Vol.5Issue(9)：795-803,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2172.2026.09.002
牛羊放牧采食量数学模型的理论框架与实际应用
Theoretical Framework and Practical Application of Mathematical Models for Cattle and Sheep Grazing Intake
摘要
Abstract
Based on the major physiological mechanisms regulating feed intake in ruminants and a behavioral-ecological opti-mization framework,this study focuses on theoretical perspectives including rumen fill and chemical feedback,the hepatic oxidation theory and optimization of oxygen-use efficiency,and the minimum total discomfort theory.In conjunction with the structures and as-sumptions of intake modules embedded in representative grazing-system models such as APSIM,EcoMod,and GRAZPLAN,it system-atically reviews the principles,applicable scenarios,and limitations of empirical,mechanistic,and semi-mechanistic modeling para-digms,thereby providing a theoretical basis and operational pathways for precision grassland management,optimization of coupled grassland-livestock systems,and policy development for green livestock production.In response to key challenges including model parameterization,insufficient observational data,multi-source data integration,and model robustness under extreme climate scenari-os,several priorities are proposed for the future development of grazing-intake models for cattle and sheep including strengthening re-search on mechanisms such as vagal regulation to improve the theoretical foundation,establishing multi-level,long-term observation systems and open data platforms to address data gaps,promoting semi-mechanistic and modular model designs and developing hybrid mechanistic-data-driven modeling paradigms to enhance model applicability,integrating Internet of Things and artificial intelligence technologies to broaden application scenarios,and coupling production and environmental indicators to achieve multi-objective opti-mization.关键词
反刍动物/放牧采食量/采食调控/放牧系统模型Key words
Ruminant/Grazing intake/Intake regulation/Grazing system model分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
魏玉兵,童建伟,孙鉴弘,宝塔娜,任茂源,杨城,刘强德,白玉龙,刘海波,宫旭胤,刘立山,金茜..牛羊放牧采食量数学模型的理论框架与实际应用[J].寒旱农业科学,2026,5(9):795-803,9.基金项目
甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划(2026GAAS21) （2026GAAS21）
甘肃省科技特派员(团)专项(25CXNG006). （团）
