南方农业学报2026，Vol.57Issue(8)：2375-2387,13.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2026.08.007
澜沧江流域大理茶的品质特征及地理分布规律研究
Study on quality characteristics and geographical distribution patterns of Camellia taliensis in the Lancang River Basin
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to elucidate the quality characteristics and geographical distribution patterns of Camellia taliensis in the Lancang River Basin,providing theoretical basis for ecological adaptability regulation,tar-geted quality regulation,and geographical indication product development of Camellia taliensis.[Method]A total of 30 Camellia taliensis samples were collected from five typical geographical populations of Xishuangbanna,Pu'er,Lincang,Dali,and Baoshan.Physicochemical property indicators were determined to analyze tea aroma components,while sensory evaluation and comprehensive evaluation were performed.[Result]Chemical constituent contents of Camellia taliensis in the Lancang River Basin exhibited geographical distribution characteristics,with the average water extract contents in the order of Pu'er>Baoshan>Lincang>Xishuangbanna>Dali.The average amino acid contents in Camel-lia taliensis from Pu'er,Lincang,Xishuangbanna,and Baoshan were significantly higher than that from Dali(P<0.05),with amino acid contents in seven samples>5.00%,representing that they were specific tea tree resources of high amino acid content.The average tea polyphenol content in Camellia taliensis from Dali(36.37%)was significantly higher than in other populations,with tea polyphenol contents in 26 samples≥25.00%,representing that they were specific tea tree resources of high tea polyphenol content;among the 30 samples,21 samples were suitable for green tea production,while 9 were suitable for both green and black teas.Samples with high sweetness-to-bitterness ratios were mainly dis-tributed in Dali and Xishuangbanna,showing sweetness-dominant profile;samples with low sweetness-to-bitterness ratios were mainly distributed in Pu'er,showing pronounced bitterness due to excessive caffeine accumulation.Principal component analysis results showed that,the total contribution rate of tea aroma components of dry tea samples was 86.95%;aroma components of tea samples from Baoshan and Dali were clearly separated along the coordinate of the first principal component(PC1),and could be well distinguished;aroma components of tea samples from Lincang and Pu'er overlapped,could not be effectively distinguished.Correlation analysis showed that,water extract,amino acid,tea poly-phenol,and caffeine contents were positively correlated with altitude,while soluble sugar,caffeine,and water extract contents were positively correlated with longitude;aroma components and amino acid content were negatively correlated with longitude.Sensory evaluation score of sample from Lincang was the highest(91.95),and the comprehensive scores of quality of different geographical populations of Camellia sinensis were in the order Pu'er>Baoshan>Xishuang-banna>Lincang>Dali.[Conclusion]Water extract and amino acid in the chemical constituents of Camellia taliensis in the Lancang River Basin are mainly enriched in the Pu'er,Lincang,and Baoshan populations,while tea polyphenol is mainly enriched in Dali population.Camellia taliensis of Pu'er and Xishuangbanna populations are suitable for deve-loping flavor-balanced products,whereas Dali population can be utilized to breed specific resources with high tea poly-phenol and low caffeine contents.关键词
大理茶/澜沧江流域/内含物质/香气成分/地理分异/主成分分析Key words
Camellia taliensis/the Lancang River Basin/chemical constituent/aroma component/geographical differentiation/principal component analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
唐榕,陈洪宇,陶燕蓝,蓝增全,李法营..澜沧江流域大理茶的品质特征及地理分布规律研究[J].南方农业学报,2026,57(8):2375-2387,13.基金项目
国家林业和草原局重点研发项目(GLM[2021]98号) （GLM[2021]98号）
云南省教育厅基金项目(2024J0670) （2024J0670）
西南林业大学基金项目(WKYB2413) （WKYB2413）
景迈山古茶树世界遗产地古茶树资源调查技术规程项目(996325075) Key Research and Development Project of National Forestry and Grassland Administration(GLM[2021]98) （996325075）
Fund Project of Yunnan Education Department(2024J0670) （2024J0670）
Southwest Forestry University Fund Project(WKYB2413) （WKYB2413）
Jingmai Mountain World Heritage Ancient Tea Resource Survey Technical Specification Project(996325075) （996325075）
