海相油气地质2026，Vol.31Issue(4)：409-427,19.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2026.04.007
四川盆地深层—超深层海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探成效、启示及前景
Achievements,implications,and prospects of deep to ultra-deep marine carbonate hydrocarbon exploration in the Sichuan Basin
摘要
Abstract
The deep to ultra-deep marine carbonate rocks in the Sichuan Basin hosts enormous natural gas resource potential,making it a key field for current reserve and production growth.However,deep gas exploration and development in the basin faces globally recognized challenges,including multi-stage tectonic reworking,intense depositional differentiation,strong reservoir heterogeneity,and complex hydrocarbon accumulation and evolution histories.Based on exploration practice of PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas Field Company since the 13th Five-Year Plan(from 2016 to present),this paper systematically summarizes the petroleum geological conditions,key geological insights and technological advances in key exploration areas of the basin's deep to ultra-deep marine carbonate rocks,and provides a prospect for exploration directions during the 15th Five-Year Plan period.By deepening the understanding of craton-basin tectono-sedimentary evolution and the distribution of major hydrocarbon-controlling geological units,the reservoir-forming mechanisms of multiple carbonate reservoir types,and accumulation theory of ancient carbonate rocks in superimposed basins,associated with key technologies advance such as high-resolution seismic imaging and fine characterization of reef-shoal bodies,it has guided the discovery of several reserve-growth areas individually exceeding 100 billion cubic meters,including the Sinian-Cambrian around the Deyang-Anyue rift,the large platform-margin belt of the Maokou Formation in central Sichuan Basin,and the Permian-Triassic reef-shoal bodies in northern and eastern Sichuan Basin.The cumulative newly proved reserves exceed 1.27×10¹² m³.Based on this exploration practice,three core implications are drawn:(1)strengthening basic geological research,particularly those concerning regional tectonic-sedimentary evolution and lithofacies paleogeography,to define the distribution of large-scale geological units,is the key prerequisite for achieving large-scale discoveries in deep to ultra-deep strata;(2)continuous progress in key geophysical and well-logging technologies serves as the technical guarantee for translating geological understanding into exploration discoveries;and(3)scientifically formulating exploration strategies that balance both scale and efficiency is an effective path to accelerate resource conversion.Looking ahead to the 15th Five-Year Plan,the Sinian-Lower Paleozoic and Permian-Triassic strata within and adjacent to the paleo-uplifts and paleo-rifts will remain the main battlefields for large-scale conventional deep to ultra-deep gas reserve growth.Meanwhile,driven by the 10,000-meter deep earth engineering,the deep to ultra-deep marine multi-layers in northwestern Sichuan Basin are expected to form a new trillion-cubic-meter-scale exploration replacement zone.关键词
深层—超深层/海相碳酸盐岩/勘探成效/理论技术进展/勘探启示/勘探前景/四川盆地Key words
deep to ultra-deep strata/marine carbonate rocks/exploration achievements/theoretical and technological advances/exploration implications/exploration prospects/Sichuan Basin分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
罗冰,周刚,张玺华,陈康,马华灵,武鲁亚,李海涛,陈骁..四川盆地深层—超深层海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探成效、启示及前景[J].海相油气地质,2026,31(4):409-427,19.基金项目
本文受新型油气勘探开发国家科技重大专项项目"四川盆地全油气系统与新领域勘探技术"(编号:2025ZD1400400)、中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技攻关项目"海相碳酸盐岩油气规模增储上产与勘探开发技术研究"(编号:2023ZZ16)和国家自然科学基金项目"扬子西北缘早古生代海相盆地多幕次构造-沉积转换及其成烃成储响应"(编号:U2344209)联合资助 （编号:2025ZD1400400）
