海相油气地质2026，Vol.31Issue(4)：459-476,18.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2026.04.010
四川盆地龙马溪组深层页岩气勘探开发进展与展望
Progress and prospects of deep shale gas exploration and development in the Longmaxi Formation,Sichuan Basin
摘要
Abstract
The Wufeng-Longmaxi formations in the Sichuan Basin have substantial deep shale gas resource potential and represent an important frontier for increasing shale gas reserves and production in China.In recent years,continued exploration and development breakthroughs in the Weiyuan-Rongxian,Luzhou,Yongchuan,Qijiang,Baima,and other areas have advanced deep shale gas exploration and development from initial single-well exploration to breakthroughs across multiple areas and large-scale production capacity development.However,exploration results reveal substantial differences in deep shale gas enrichment and single-well productivity among structural units,with high-and low-productivity wells coexisting,indicating the complexity of the factors controlling enrichment.Based on a systematic review of progress in deep shale gas exploration and development in the Longmaxi Formation of the Sichuan Basin,together with the geological characteristics of representative high-and low-productivity wells,this study synthesizes enrichment types,major controlling factors,and approaches to exploration evaluation.The results indicate that deep shale gas in the Longmaxi Formation of the Sichuan Basin can be classified into three types:overpressure-enriched,normally pressured enriched,and tectonically modified depleted types.The overpressure-enriched type is jointly controlled by hydrocarbon-generation-induced pressurization and favorable preservation conditions and currently constitutes the dominant type for large-scale production capacity development.The normally pressured enriched type demonstrates that effective enrichment can occur even after partial pressure dissipation where high-quality shale is sufficiently thick,the proportion of adsorbed gas is high,and some capacity for gas preservation remains.The tectonically modified depleted type occurs mainly in the cores of high-steep anticlines and areas affected by multiple phases of faulting and reactivation and is characterized by low pressure coefficients,low gas content,high water saturation,low resistivity,and low productivity.Differential enrichment of deep shale gas is primarily controlled by the intensity of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion from shale and by subsequent preservation conditions.High-quality shale provides the material basis for hydrocarbon generation,and hydrocarbon-generation-induced pressurization drives enrichment,whereas the intensity of subsequent tectonic modification,fault opening behavior,uplift-related pressure dissipation,and their temporal relationships with hydrocarbon generation and expulsion ultimately determine the extent of gas preservation.The evaluation of deep and ultra-deep shale gas should shift from static indicator-based assessment to the assessment of preservation conditions based on dynamic evolution,prioritizing favorable zones with abundant residual hydrocarbons in shale,well-preserved pressure systems,limited fault-related damage,and relatively broad and gentle structures.关键词
深层页岩气/保存条件/差异富集/龙马溪组/四川盆地Key words
deep shale gas/preservation conditions/differential enrichment/Longmaxi Formation/Sichuan Basin分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
聂海宽,张珂,戎佳,王宇哲,俞凌杰,杨振坤,万成祥,王鹏威..四川盆地龙马溪组深层页岩气勘探开发进展与展望[J].海相油气地质,2026,31(4):459-476,18.基金项目
本文受国家自然科学重点基金"复杂构造带常压页岩气动态赋存机理与可动性研究"(编号:42130803)和中国石化科技攻关项目"川东南深层—超深层页岩气演化与差异富集机制"(编号:P23132)联合资助 （编号:42130803）
