扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）2026，Vol.47Issue(4)：66-77,12.DOI:10.16872/j.cnki.1671-4652.2026.04.007
钾肥运筹对夏大豆产量、品质及碳、氮代谢生理特性的影响
Effects of potassium fertilizer management on the yield,quality,and physiological characteristics of carbon and nitrogen metabolism of summer soybeans
摘要
Abstract
Potassium fertilizer management exerts significant effects on soybean yield,quality,and carbon and nitrogen metabolism.Research on potassium fertilizer optimization provides a theoretical basis for high-quality and high-yield culti-vation of soybean.A field experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture,Yangzhou University from 2023 to 2024,using WANDOU 15 as the material.The potassium fertilizer(K2O)application rate was 90 kg·hm-2,and four fertilization ratios of base fertilizer and early flowering stage were set:K1(1∶3),K2(1∶1),K3(3∶1),and K4(1∶0).A control was set with no potassium fertilizer application.The results showed that potassium fertilizer management af-fected the 100-grain weight and thus increased the yield.Over the two years,both the 100-grain weight and the yield of K2 and K1 were the highest.The 100-grain weight of K2 and K1 reached 18.62 and 19.38 g in 2023,and 19.51 and 20.11 g in 2024,respectively,and the final yield reached 5 780.13 and 5 531.38 kg·hm-2 in 2023,and 5 780.05 and 5 717.8 kg·hm-2 in 2024,respectively.Potassium fertilizer management had no significant effect on the protein content of the seeds,but the fat content significantly increased with the increase of potassium fertilizer application at the early flowering stage,with an increase of 22.66％in K2 and 22.75％in K1 in 2024.Physiological mechanism analysis revealed that the content of su-crose,fructose,and soluble sugar in functional leaves was the highest in K2 at each growth stage,which reached 284.34,32.46 and 74.08 mg·g-1,respectively,at the R1 stage in 2024.The activities of sucrose synthase,sucrose phosphate synthase,nitrate reductase,glutamine syntheses,and glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase in the functional leaves of K2 were higher and significantly higher than those of other treatments at each growth stage.K2 significantly increased the content of free amino acids in functional leaves.Moreover,K2 significantly increased the free amino acid content in func-tional leaves.The potassium absorption rate,agronomic efficiency of potassium,and partial factor productivity of potassi-um in K2 were significantly higher than those of other treatments.In summary,the K2Odosage of 90 kg·hm-2 and the basal and top-dressing ratio 1∶1 can promote the transport of photosynthetic products,increase the dry matter accumulation in repro-ductive organs,and simultaneously increase the fat content and yield of seeds,ultimately achieving the goal of high yield and quality.关键词
夏大豆/钾肥/产量/品质/碳、氮代谢/钾素农学效率/钾肥偏生产力Key words
summer soybean/potassium fertilizer/yield/quality/carbon and nitrogen metabolism/agronomic efficien-cy of potassium/partial factor productivity of potassium分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
顾子怡,邓智博,袁一丁,孙思琦,陈源,陈媛,陈德华,张祥..钾肥运筹对夏大豆产量、品质及碳、氮代谢生理特性的影响[J].扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）,2026,47(4):66-77,12.基金项目
江苏省高校优势学科建设工程(PAPD) （PAPD）
江苏省高校品牌专业建设工程项目(PPZY2015A060) （PPZY2015A060）
