摘要
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction is a major contributor to adverse perinatal outcomes and is closely linked to disturbances in maternal-fetal nutrient metabolism.Folic acid and vitamin B12,as key cofactors in one-carbon metabolism,are both involved in DNA synthesis,epigenetic methylation,and homocysteine metabolism,and are essential for placental development and fetal growth.Defi-ciency of folic acid or vitamin B12 can lead to elevated homocysteine levels,which may induce oxidative stress,endothelial dysfunc-tion,and impaired trophoblast function,thereby impairing placental perfusion and nutrient transport and ultimately contributing to fetal growth restriction.Appropriate folate supplementation,together with vitamin B12 intake,helps maintain maternal-fetal metabolic homeostasis and may reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.This review summarizes the mechanistic roles of folate,vitamin B12,and homocysteine in the pathogenesis of fetal growth restriction and provides a theoretical basis and clinical decision-making refer-ence for nutritional management.关键词
胎儿生长受限/叶酸/维生素B12/同型半胱氨酸/营养管理Key words
Fetal growth restriction/Folic acid/Vitamin B12/Homocysteine/Nutritional management分类
医药卫生
