棉花学报2026，Vol.38Issue(2)：147-157,11.DOI:10.11963/hgcs20260008
180份陆地棉种质资源纤维品质鉴定及综合评价
Fiber quality analysis and comprehensive evaluation of 180 Gossypium hirsutum germplasm resources
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aims to characterize the fiber quality traits of Gossypium hirsutum germplasm resources and to determine their genetic diversity and potential for improvement.[Methods]A panel of 180 G.hirsutum germplasm resources was planted across two experimental locations(Manas and Yuepuhu)for two consecutive cotton growing seasons.Five fiber quality-related traits were measured,and multiple statistical approaches,including genetic diversity analysis,variance analysis,correlation analysis,cluster analysis,and principal component analysis,were adopted to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the tested germplasms.[Results]The genetic diversity index of the test materials ranged from 0.68 to 1.37.The coefficient of variation for breaking elongation was highest(15.81％)at the Yuepuhu trial site in 2025,and lowest(0.98％)at the Manas trial site in 2024.Highly significant differences(P＜0.01)in fiber quality traits were observed among both genotypes and environments for the cotton germplasm accessions tested.Introduced varieties from other breeders showed higher variation in fiber length,uniformity index,and breaking tenacity,whereas self-bred varieties by our team possessed greater variation in micronaire and breaking elongation.All fiber quality traits were significantly correlated with each other.The tested germplasms were classified into five clusters based on cluster analysis.Two principal components were extracted,with a cumulative contribution rate of 73.56％.Ultimately,ten elite accessions with superior comprehensive performance were screened according to the comprehensive D value:Jinfeng T299,Shouxin H-157,ZJL1224,Jinfeng T390,Shouxin HS-173,AW1448,ZJL1348,Zhongshengmian 21,AW1031,1059G.[Conclusion]The tested G.hirsutum population exhibits abundant genetic diversity,and distinct phenotypic differences are observed among germplasms from different sources.The screened elite accessions can serve as outstanding parental materials,providing valuable insights for the directional improvement of fiber quality and the optimization of breeding efficiency in upland cotton.关键词
陆地棉/种质资源/纤维品质/遗传多样性/综合评价Key words
Gossypium hirsutum/germplasm resources/fiber quality/genetic diversity/comprehensive evaluation引用本文复制引用
黄钢,杨丽芸,刘媛媛,马清倩,陈琴,徐海江,郑子漂,张大伟,魏鑫,阿尔曼·阿不利米提,王驰,叶仰东,贺兵,焦玚..180份陆地棉种质资源纤维品质鉴定及综合评价[J].棉花学报,2026,38(2):147-157,11.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(2025B02001-1) （2025B02001-1）
新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院农业科技创新稳定支持项目(xjnkywdzc-2026002-2) （xjnkywdzc-2026002-2）
国家棉麻产业技术体系喀什棉花综合试验站(CARS-15-45) （CARS-15-45）
新疆维吾尔自治区"三农"骨干人才培养项目(2023SNGGGCC020) （2023SNGGGCC020）
旱区农业新疆研究院项目(hqny-2025002-04) （hqny-2025002-04）
