生态与农村环境学报2026，Vol.42Issue(9)：1241-1251,11.DOI:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2025.0421
水深对底栖动物水生态健康指示意义的影响研究
Research on the Influence of Water Depth on the Indicator Significance of Macro-invertebrates for Aquatic Eco-logical Health Assessment
摘要
Abstract
Benthic macro-invertebrates are widely used as indicators of aquatic ecosystem health assessment;however,their responses to anthropogenic disturbance may be substantially modified by natural habitat gradients,particularly water depth.Based on field surveys conducted from 2021 to 2023,we compared benthic macro-invertebrate community composi-tion,functional feeding groups,and physicochemical water-quality variables between Taihu Lake,a shallow lake,and Qi-andao Lake,a deep reservoir,to determine how water depth influences the interpretation of benthic bioassessment metrics.Qiandao Lake had significantly lower total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations and higher water transparency than Taihu Lake.Despite its comparatively good water quality,its benthic assemblage was dominated by hypoxia-tolerant,de-posit-feeding oligochaetes,particularly Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Branchiura sowerbyi,and was characterized by a lower Shannon-Wiener diversity index and a higher biological pollution index.This resulted in an apparently paradoxical pattern of low anthropogenic disturbance but strong biological indications of pollution.In contrast,Taihu Lake was subject to sub-stantial urban and agricultural inputs,with higher nutrient concentrations and algal biomass and more pronounced eutrophi-cation.Nevertheless,wind-and wave-driven mixing in its shallow waters helped maintain oxic conditions at the sediment-water interface and supported the coexistence of scrapers(gastropods),filter feeders(bivalves),and deposit feeders(ol-igochaetes),resulting in greater taxonomic diversity and a more balanced functional composition.These findings indicate that water depth shapes benthic assemblages by altering dissolved oxygen conditions and food-resource composition,favor-ing tolerance-dominated communities in deep-water habitats and functionally diverse communities in shallow-water habi-tats.Consequently,applying uniform community-based bioassessment thresholds to deep reservoirs and shallow lakes may introduce systematic bias.In deep reservoirs,conventional benthic metrics may have limited capacity to reflect anthropo-genic disturbance;their weighting should therefore be reduced,or greater emphasis should be placed on assemblages from inflow zones.Because current aquatic ecosystem assessment standards in China do not explicitly account for water-depth-related habitat differences,naturally low-diversity deep-water communities may be misclassified as heavily polluted,poten-tially leading to inappropriate management responses.This study provides empirical support for incorporating habitat-spe-cific reference conditions into adaptive aquatic ecosystem health assessment and management.关键词
水库/大型底栖无脊椎动物/水生态评估/富营养化/太湖Key words
reservoir/macro-invertebrates/aquatic ecological assessment/eutrophication/Taihu Lake分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
蔡一夫,权秋梅,朱广伟,许海,蔡永久,邹伟..水深对底栖动物水生态健康指示意义的影响研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2026,42(9):1241-1251,11.基金项目
国家重点研发项目(2022YFC3204100) （2022YFC3204100）
中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所自主部署科研项目(NIGLAS2022GS03) （NIGLAS2022GS03）
