农业资源与环境学报2026，Vol.43Issue(5)：1176-1188,13.DOI:10.13254/j.jare.2025.0478
生物炭配合化肥减施对异龙湖流域辣椒地土壤氮磷流失的影响
Effects of biochar combined with chemical fertilizer reduction on nitrogen and phosphorus loss in pepper soil in Yilong Lake basin
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the effect of integrating biochar application with reduced chemical fertilizer usage on nitrogen and phosphorus seepage and loss in vegetable fields within the Yilong Lake basin,and provide a theoretical foundation and scientific guidance for source control of nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution,as well as for reducing fertilizer application while improving agricultural efficiency,a field runoff plot experiment was conducted using chili peppers as the test crop.Treatments included the application of chemical fertilizer alone(CF),and combinations of biochar(7 500 kg·hm-2)with reduced chemical fertilizer application at four levels:0%reduction(BF),15%reduction(BF15),30%reduction(BF30),and 45%reduction(BF45).Comparative analyses were performed to evaluate the impacts of biochar application and reduced fertilization on pepper yield and quality,soil physicochemical properties,and characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus leaching loss.Results indicated that compared to CF,the combined application of biochar and moderate fertilizer reduction could enhance pepper yield.Specifically,the BF45 treatment maintained normal pepper quality without causing yield reduction.Compared to CF,biochar application significantly increased soil available nutrient content and cation exchange capacity(CEC),while decreasing soil electrical conductivity(EC).Biochar and reduced fertilization increased the contents of water-soluble total nitrogen(WTN),total phosphorus(TP),ammonium nitrogen(NH+4-N),and nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N)in the 0-20 cm soil layer,but decreased these contents in the 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm layers,with no significant effect observed on NO-3-N.Under the CF treatment,the total losses of DTN,DTP,COD,NH+4-N,NO-3-N,WTN,WTP,and phosphate were 71.96,2.49,108.67,7.25,23.66,34.18,1.85,and 0.44 kg·hm-2,respectively.Compared to CF,the treatments combining biochar with reduced chemical fertilizer(BF,BF15,BF30,BF45)reduced the losses of DTN by 39.84%-56.59%,DTP by 48.21%-71.63%,COD by 35.38%-64.68%,NH+4-N by 14.70%-59.08%,NO-3-N by 48.18%-68.46%,WTN by 23.64%-42.11%,WTP by 45.45%-69.93%,and phosphate by 31.80%-52.93%.The reduction effect improved with increasing fertilizer reduction rate.Random forest analysis revealed that soil EC,CEC,available nitrogen(AN),soil organic carbon(SOC),dissolved organic carbon(DOC),microbial biomass carbon(MBC),and NO-3-N were the primary factors influencing the variations in DTN,DTP,and COD losses.Considering the nitrogen and phosphorus loss levels,as well as pepper yield and quality under different fertilization regimes,a 45%reduction in chemical fertilizer combined with biochar application is currently an environmentally sustainable fertilization strategy and a suitable vegetable cultivation model for the Yilong Lake basin.关键词
化肥减量/生物炭/氮磷流失/综合评价Key words
fertilizer reduction/biochar/nitrogen and phosphorus loss/comprehensive evaluation引用本文复制引用
李世雄,袁世豪,马淳,朋远扬,达布希拉图,孙铭骏,飞进强..生物炭配合化肥减施对异龙湖流域辣椒地土壤氮磷流失的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2026,43(5):1176-1188,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(41967015) （41967015）
石屏县农业生态环境治理项目(SPHJZL20202025) （SPHJZL20202025）
