农业资源与环境学报2026，Vol.43Issue(5)：1230-1240,11.DOI:10.13254/j.jare.2025.0866
老化生物炭中氮形态转化及其对水稻有效性的影响
Morphological transformation of nitrogen in aged biochar and its impact on rice availability
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the effects of aging on the transformation of nitrogen forms,as well as the environmental behavior and plant availability of nitrogen in biochar,sludge-derived biochar(SSBC)and bone-derived biochar(BDBC)were subjected to two artificial aging methods:dry-wet cycling and freeze-thaw cycling(0,10,and 25 cycles).The changes in physicochemical properties and nitrogen speciation before and after aging were analyzed using elemental analysis,BET surface area analysis,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).A pot experiment was further conducted to study the effects of aged biochar on rice growth,nitrogen uptake,and the dynamics of nitrogen in soil pore water.The results indicated that after aging,the carbon content of both biochars decreased(e.g.,C%in BDBC declined from 17.20%to 11.24%after dry-wet aging),while oxygen content increased,pH decreased,and specific surface area decreased(e.g.,SSBC decreased from 43.61 m2·g-1 to 30.30 m2·g-1).Aging significantly promoted the transformation of nitrogen species:dry-wet aging increased the proportion of protein nitrogen in SSBC and BDBC to 38.39%and 54.04%,respectively,while contents of pyrrole nitrogen and quaternary nitrogen decreased.Inorganic nitrogen content also declined markedly,with ammonium nitrogen experiencing a maximum reduction of 62.7%.The rice pot experiment showed that the treatment with fresh biochar resulted in the highest dry mass(SSBC:2.59 g·pot-1)and nitrogen uptake(SSBC:76.2 mg N·pot-1),which were significantly higher than those in the aged biochar treatments.The nitrate nitrogen concentration in pore water was also highest in the fresh biochar treatment(BDBC:3.85 mg·L-1)and decreased significantly after aging(BDBC after freeze-thaw aging:2.36 mg·L-1).In conclusion,the aging process alters the physicochemical properties and nitrogen speciation of biochar,facilitating the conversion of stable nitrogen into more active forms.Although aged biochar exhibits a reduced short-term nitrogen supply capacity to plants,it enhances nitrogen retention and environmental compatibility,which is beneficial for reducing nitrogen loss and promoting sustainable soil fertilization.关键词
生物炭/干湿交替/冻融循环/氮形态转化/水稻/氮摄取Key words
biochar/alternate wetting and drying/freeze-thaw cycling/nitrogen form transformation/rice/nitrogen uptake引用本文复制引用
南红岩,庄楚,陈心雨,赵俊琦,康佳雷..老化生物炭中氮形态转化及其对水稻有效性的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2026,43(5):1230-1240,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42307312) （42307312）
中国博士后基金面上项目(2023M733218) （2023M733218）
