汽车工程学报2026，Vol.16Issue(5)：731-744,14.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095‒1469.2026.05.02
不同靠背角下后向式座椅乘员碰撞损伤机理研究
Injury Mechanisms of Occupants in Rear-Facing Seats Under Frontal Impact at Different Seatback Angles
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the injury mechanisms of occupants in rearward-facing seats during frontal impacts,a frontal collision simulation model was developed based on the Chinese 50th-percentile male human finite element model(AC-HUMs),considering different seatback angles,impact velocities,and seatbelt restraint systems.The biomechanical responses and injury characteristics of the occupant were analyzed,and corresponding protection strategies were proposed.The results indicate that occupants exhibit a significant ramping motion during frontal impacts.As the seatback angle increased from 25° to 45°,the occupant's kinematic responses intensified and the maximum principal strains in the brain,ribs,and internal organs increased significantly.Under the FDR restraint condition,the maximum upward displacement of the internal organs along the Z-axis reached 1.95 times that at a seatback angle of 25°.Increasing the impact velocity from 45 km/h to 65 km/h resulted in significant increases in both occupant kinematic responses and injury metrics.Shoulder belt slippage occurred under the FDR restraint system,resulting to more severe occupant motion than that observed with the ABTS restraint system.Moreover,the proposed support structure placed at the occupant's shoulder effectively mitigated the ramping motion,reducing the maximum principal strains of the brain and internal organs by up to 15.99%and 30.98%,respectively,although it increased the risk of rib injury.关键词
正面碰撞/乘员损伤/后向式座椅/AC-HUMsKey words
frontal collision/passenger injury/rear-facing seat/AC-HUMs分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
张辉达,崇奇,邬晓凡,李杰明,王强,刘煜,龚超..不同靠背角下后向式座椅乘员碰撞损伤机理研究[J].汽车工程学报,2026,16(5):731-744,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52505254) （52505254）
安徽省自然科学基金项目(2508085QE146) （2508085QE146）
四川省博士后科研特别资助项目(TB2024053) （TB2024053）
