器官移植2026，Vol.17Issue(5)：738-747,10.DOI:10.12464/j.issn.1674-7445.2026037
纳米医学重塑肝移植免疫耐受及其临床转化
Nanomedicine reshapes immune tolerance in liver transplantation and its clinical translation
摘要
Abstract
As a key treatment method for end-stage liver diseases,long-term efficacy of liver transplantation is limited by rejection and serious complications such as liver and kidney toxicity,infection risks and tumor recurrence caused by immunosuppressive drugs.In recent years,nanotechnology,with its targeted delivery capabilities and spatio-temporal controlled release characteristics,has demonstrated great potential in precisely regulating immune responses.This article systematically reviews the multi-level application strategies and mechanisms of nanomedicine in the immunoreprogramming of liver transplantation,covering innate immunoreprogramming(phenotypic transformation of Kupffer cells or macrophages,inhibition of inflammasomes and mitochondrial repair),adaptive immune remodeling(targeted regulation of dendritic cells,gene silencing vectors and reprogramming of T cell functions),and elaborates on the strategies for coordinated regulation of the microenvironment.The article also focuses on the targeted application of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells.In response to clinical translation bottlenecks,innovative solutions such as the design of degradable polymer carriers,the construction of intelligent response systems and the optimization of large-scale production pathways are proposed,providing theoretical support and practical directions for achieving the paradigm shift from"global immunosuppression"to"precise immune tolerance".关键词
纳米医学/肝移植/免疫耐受/免疫重编程/适应性免疫重塑/临床转化/细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4/聚乳酸-羟基乙酸Key words
Nanomedicine/Liver transplantation/Immune tolerance/Immunoreprogramming/Adaptive immune remodeling/Clinical translation/Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4/Polylactic-co-glycolic acid分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
王吴宇,孔剑桥,代扬,张鹏,丁正华,李恒平..纳米医学重塑肝移植免疫耐受及其临床转化[J].器官移植,2026,17(5):738-747,10.基金项目
湖北省自然科学基金创新发展联合基金(2026AFC0097、2026AFC1438、2026AFC1471) （2026AFC0097、2026AFC1438、2026AFC1471）
湖北省基层卫生健康科技创新项目(JCWJKJCX2025XY2) （JCWJKJCX2025XY2）
襄阳市第一人民医院科技创新项目(XYY2025SD10、XYY2025QN05) （XYY2025SD10、XYY2025QN05）
