气象科技进展2026，Vol.16Issue(4)：12-21,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1973.2026.04.002
基于K-means聚类分析识别的北半球春季平流层极涡型态及其对对流层的影响
The Polar Vortex Patterns in the Boreal Spring Stratosphere Identified by the K-means Clustering Analysis and Their Impacts on the Troposphere
摘要
Abstract
This study utilizes the K-means clustering method to identify six primary spatial patterns of the spring stratospheric polar vortex in the northern Hemisphere.In the first cluster,the center of the stratospheric polar vortex is skewed towards the Eurasian continent,resulting in an anomalous high pressure in the mid-troposphere over mid-to low-latitude regions of Asia.The second cluster exhibits a stronger intensity of the polar vortex compared to the first type,with its center biased towards North America.This configuration induces anomalous high-pressure conditions that dominate southern North America.Among all clusters,the third cluster occurs most frequently,accounting for 33%of the total cases.In this cluster,both stratospheric anomalous signals and their impacts on the troposphere are the weakest.The fourth cluster reveals a generally weaker polar vortex in both stratosphere and troposphere.In the fifth cluster,polar vortex intensity further weakens compared to that in the fourth cluster while exhibiting a more typical annular mode structure.The sixth cluster indicates enhanced activity of planetary wave 1 in the stratosphere alongside active wave dynamics in the troposphere.When associated with anomalous high(low)pressure in the mid-troposphere,temperatures in the lower troposphere tend to rise(drop),while precipitation decreases(increases).However,it is noteworthy that these clusters have a more pronounced impact on temperature than on precipitation.In addition,this study also explores connections between these clusters and spring stratospheric final warming(SFW)events.Prior to SFW onset,the occurrence frequency of the first cluster is the highest among all clusters.During late SFW events,the prevalence of the first cluster can reach up to 80%.Following the onset of SFW,occurrences predominantly shift towards the third and fourth clusters,with an increased frequency of the fourth cluster after early SFW events.Conversely,occurrences of the third cluster become increasingly prevalent following the onset of late SFW events.关键词
平流层极涡型态/聚类分析/对流层气候/平流层最后增温事件Key words
stratospheric polar vortex patterns/clustering analysis/tropospheric climate/stratospheric final warming分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
李宣成,闫柳池,胡景高,张玮宸..基于K-means聚类分析识别的北半球春季平流层极涡型态及其对对流层的影响[J].气象科技进展,2026,16(4):12-21,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(42361144843) （42361144843）
