海洋气象学报2026，Vol.46Issue(4)：91-102,12.DOI:10.19513/j.cnki.hyqxxb.20260129001
一次罕见渤海海峡强冷流降雪过程多源观测特征分析
Analysis on characteristics of a rare heavy ocean-effect snow event in the Bohai Strait based on multi-source observations
摘要
Abstract
Using the observation data from automatic weather station,precipitation phenomenon instrument,marine buoy station,ship observation station,lightning location system,wind profiler radar,dual-polarization radar and the FY-4B satellite,as well as ERA5 reanalysis data,this study analyzes the causes of a rare heavy ocean-effect snow event that occurred in the Bohai Strait on 7 December 2024.The results are as follows.(1)This heavy ocean-effect snow is mainly located in the relatively infrequent Bohai Strait,accompanied by significant lightning activities.(2)The snowfall occurs under a synoptic situation where a transverse trough behind an upper-level cold vortex turns vertical.A mesoscale vortex in the lower troposphere enhances upward motion,providing favorable dynamic conditions for the heavy snowfall.(3)During the heavy ocean-effect snow event,the instability in the lower atmosphere intensifies.Buoy station data indicates an increase in the sea-air temperature difference and a surge in the sensible heat flux.(4)The lightning activities and heavy snowfall both occur during the mature stage of the vortex.The lightning activities occur after the strongest upward motion,and the peak lightning frequency coincides with the timing of the maximum snowfall intensity.Wind profiler radar data indicates that surface wind shifts from westerly-southwesterly to northerly when the lightning occurs.(5)The lightning is mainly located on the north side of the surface mesoscale convergence line,corresponding to the radar reflectivity exceeding 30 dBZ near the vortex center.(6)The air during the snowfall period contains abundant supercooled water,and riming phenomenon is observed.Snowfall particles exhibit a bimodal size distribution,characterized by the coexistence of graupel particles and aggregated snow crystals.The graupel particles exhibit intermittent occurrence characteristics,primarily appearing during periods of intense lightning activities.The characteristics of the cloud particles satisfy the conditions for the non-inductive charging mechanism.关键词
渤海海峡/强冷流降雪/涡旋/多源观测/闪电Key words
the Bohai Strait/heavy ocean-effect snow/vortex/multi-source observation/lightning分类
海洋科学引用本文复制引用
王楠喻,杨成芳,杨煦慧,戈瑶,张登旭,孟文鹏..一次罕见渤海海峡强冷流降雪过程多源观测特征分析[J].海洋气象学报,2026,46(4):91-102,12.基金项目
中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2026J022) （CXFZ2026J022）
长岛国家气候观象台开放基金项目(2024cdkfm05) （2024cdkfm05）
山东省气象局引导类项目(2025SDYD13) （2025SDYD13）
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2025LQX001,ZR2023MD025) （ZR2025LQX001,ZR2023MD025）
中国气象局复盘总结专项(FPZJ2025-073) （FPZJ2025-073）
烟台市科技创新发展计划项目(2024YD097) （2024YD097）
灾害天气国家重点实验室开放课题(2024LASW-B27) （2024LASW-B27）
中国气象局雷电重点开放实验室开放课题(2024KELL-B010) （2024KELL-B010）
