生物技术通报2026，Vol.42Issue(9)：14-28,15.DOI:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2026-0046
温度胁迫调控花药绒毡层发育的研究进展
Advances in Regulation of Anther Tapetum Development under Temperature Stress
摘要
Abstract
With the escalation of global warming,extreme weather events have become more frequent,leading to temperature stress that severely compromises pollen fertility and results in significant agricultural losses.The tapetum,consisting of secretory cells located in the inner wall of the anther,provides vital nutrients for microspore development and materials essential for pollen exine formation.During anther development,tapetum cells undergo programmed cell death(PCD);deviations in the timing of this process,whether premature or delayed,can lead to pollen sterility.Recent studies indicate that high temperatures primarily trigger early PCD in tapetum cells,whereas low temperatures tend to inhibit or delay it.This process is often accompanied by excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and hormone signaling disruption.Additionally,temperature stress induces structural and functional abnormalities in the endoplasmic reticulum(ER),resulting in massive accumulation of misfolded and unfolded proteins.Temperature stress can also directly disrupt protein homeostasis by interfering with protein degradation.Furthermore,the genetic module DYT1-TDF1-AMS-MYB80-MS1,which regulates the development and degradation of the anther tapetum,also plays an important role in responding to temperature stress.In this review,we examine the phenotypic characteristics of tapetal cells under high and low temperature stress,and summarize how these stresses regulate the expression of the tapetal DYT1-TDF1-AMS-MYB80-MS1 transcriptional activation cascade.This regulation disrupts the homeostasis of ROS,ER and proteins,and triggers phytohormone signaling disruption,interfering with tapetal development and the timing of PCD,ultimately affecting pollen fertility.In addition,we discuss the challenges of studying the effects of temperature stress on pollen fertility during the sexual reproductive phase of plants,and explore the potential applications of these studies in crop breeding and agricultural production.These applications include breeding temperature-tolerant cultivars,enriching crop stress resistance gene pools,optimizing cultivation management strategies,and developing novel chemical regulators.关键词
温度胁迫/绒毡层/程序性细胞死亡/花粉育性/活性氧/激素信号/内质网应激/蛋白质稳态Key words
temperature stress/tapetum/programmed cell death/pollen fertility/reactive oxygen species/hormone signaling/endoplasmic reticulum stress/proteostasis引用本文复制引用
聂佳,林慧子,唐哲源,陈立余..温度胁迫调控花药绒毡层发育的研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2026,42(9):14-28,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32170324) （32170324）
