山西医科大学学报2026，Vol.57Issue(8)：922-937,16.DOI:10.13753/j.issn.1007-6611.2026.08.009
基于非靶向代谢组学的黄芪等级划分及其与优形优质的关联性
Grade classification and its correlation with quality superiority of Astragali Radix based on untargeted metabolomics
摘要
Abstract
Objective To explore differential metabolites among Astragali Radix of different quality grades and their correlations with morphological characteristics.Methods Astragali Radix slices from different batches were collected and graded according to their origin,diameter,odor,and other characteristics.The contents of astragaloside Ⅳ and calycosin-7-O-glucoside were determined by HPLC.A C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)was used,with isocratic elution using acetonitrile-water(32∶68)or gradient elution using acetonitrile-0.2%formic acid as the chromatographic conditions for the two analytes,respectively.LC-MS combined with an untargeted metabolomics method was applied to profile differential metabolites in Astragali Radix slices of different quality grades.Mul-tivariate statistical methods,including principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA),were employed to screen differential metabolites among Astragali Radix pieces of different grades.Metabolites were qualitatively identified by searching against the HMDB,MassBank,LipidMaps,mzCloud,KEGG database and an in-house standard database,and the key metabolic pathways were further analyzed.Results According to the diameter,bean-like odor,places of region and other indexes,the commonly used Astragali Radix herbal pieces were divided into three grades.For grade 1(HQ1),the content was 0.051%-0.132%for astragaloside Ⅳ and 0.034%-0.049%for calycosin-7-O-glucoside;the contents in grade 2(HQ2)were 0.039%-0.042%and 0.023%-0.036%,respectively;the contents in grade 3(HQ3)decreased to 0.022%-0.033%and 0.006%-0.026%,respectively.A total of 4 718 metabolites were identified in all grades.A total of 289 differential metabolites(106 up-regulated and 183 down-regulated)were screened between HQ1 and HQ2,and 311(176 up-regulated and 135 down-regulated)between HQ1 and HQ3,and 329(219 up-regulated and 110 down-regulated)between HQ2 and HQ3 were screened.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differential metabolites from the three grades were significantly enriched in amino acid metabolism,flavonoid biosynthesis,and lipid metabolism pathways.Conclusion The quality grade of Astragali Radix slices is positively correlated with the contents of astragaloside Ⅳ and calycosin,and the contents of these components decrease significantly as the grade decreases.The types of total metabolites are basically consistent,but their contents show significant differences.The differential metabolites are signifi-cantly enriched in the pathways of amino acid metabolism,and flavonoid biosynthesis.The differential regulation of these pathways constitutes the core metabolic basis for quality differentiation.关键词
黄芪/非靶向代谢组学/优形优质/黄芪甲苷/毛蕊异黄酮Key words
Astragali Radix/untargeted metabolomics/quality superiority associated with grade/astragaloside Ⅳ/calycosin分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
席啸虎,王世伟..基于非靶向代谢组学的黄芪等级划分及其与优形优质的关联性[J].山西医科大学学报,2026,57(8):922-937,16.基金项目
国家中医药管理局高水平中医药中药化学重点学科项目(zyyzdxk-2023023) （zyyzdxk-2023023）
山西省老中医药专家学术经验继承工作项目(晋卫中医药函[2022]36号) （晋卫中医药函[2022]36号）
山西省卫生健康委中医药科研课题(2022ZYYZ024) （2022ZYYZ024）
山西省卫生健康委科研课题(2025ZD048) （2025ZD048）
