太平洋学报2026，Vol.34Issue(8)：82-96,15.DOI:10.14015/j.cnki.1004-8049.2026.08.007
论国际航运温室气体减排发展的新阶段:制度协调与中国因应
A New Stage in Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from International Shipping:Coordination among Regulatory Regimes and China's Response
摘要
Abstract
International shipping GHG regulation is entering a new stage.This shift involves more than higher targets.Regulation now reaches beyond ship efficiency to fuel choice,life-cycle emissions and carbon costs.The proposed IMO Net-Zero Framework would combine a well-to-wake fuel-intensity standard,compliance pricing and a Net-Zero Fund,but it has not yet been adopted.The EU Emissions Trading System has covered maritime emissions since 2024,and the FuelEU Maritime Regulation has applied since 2025.The central issue is how this emerging global regime should coexist with regional rules in force. The three regimes support decarbonization but address different aspects of shipping.The EU ETS prices absolute emissions for covered voyages,while the FuelEU Maritime limits the annual average GHG intensity of onboard energy.The proposed IMO framework would apply a global fuel-intensity standard supported by remedial payments and redistribution through the Fund.Concurrent application does not automatically create a legal conflict,but it may lead to repeated reporting,inconsistent fuel certification and overlapping costs.It may also shift transition burdens to third countries and place legal responsibility on a company even when another actor controls the fuel,route or speed. Coordination should focus on regulatory function,not its legal form.The IMO regime should provide a global baseline,common accounting language and cross-border compliance platform.Regional measures may supplement it when they have a genuine port,voyage or market connection,avoid nationality-based discrimination,and deliver additional environmental benefits.Credits or adjustments should depend on whether the rules cover the same ship,fuel or emissions,overlap in time and place,perform the same function,and produce comparable effects.Carbon costs should be credited only where pricing functions overlap.Fuel-intensity standards should instead be linked through recognition of equivalent compliance or a global baseline plus regional differential. Procedural coordination can reduce burdens without merging the systems.Core data on fuel,voyages,life-cycle emissions and sustainability should be reported and verified once,while each regime retains its own calculation.Certificates should be recognized where standards are substantively equivalent,with additional checks limited to gaps.Contracts should assign costs and reporting duties to actors controlling fuel and operations.Fairness is better served by universal minimum ship duties,combined with financial support,technology transfer and capacity building,than by flag-based exemptions.China should support these interfaces and develop one reliable data chain for multiple compliance outputs.This approach can make maritime decarbonization more coherent,fair and workable without weakening emission-reduction goals.关键词
国际航运温室气体减排/国际海事组织净零排放框架/欧盟碳排放交易体系/《欧盟海运燃料条例》/制度协调Key words
greenhouse gas emissions reduction in international shipping/the IMO Net-Zero Framework/the EU Emissions Trading System/the FuelEU Maritime Regulation/coordination among regulatory regimes分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
郑晨骏..论国际航运温室气体减排发展的新阶段:制度协调与中国因应[J].太平洋学报,2026,34(8):82-96,15.基金项目
本文系国家社会科学基金青年项目"中国跨境河流生态补偿问题研究"(25CGJ052)的阶段性研究成果. （25CGJ052）
