新发传染病电子杂志2026，Vol.11Issue(4)：44-48,5.DOI:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2026.04.007
儿童淋巴结瘘型气管支气管结核临床特征及疗效分析
Clinical characteristics and therapeutic efficacy analysis of lymphatic fistula-type tracheobronchial tuberculosis in children
摘要
Abstract
Objective To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics,bronchoscopic findings,and clinical efficacy of combined systemic drug therapy and interventional treatment for tracheobronchial tuberculosis(TBTB)with lymph node fistula in children,providing a reference for the clinical diagnosis,treatment,and standardized management of this condition.Method Clinical data of 45 children diagnosed with lymph node fistula type TBTB at Guangzhou Chest Hospital from July 2015 to September 2025 were retrospectively reviewed.General information,clinical manifestations,imaging features,bronchoscopic characteristics,and interventional treatment outcomes were analyzed.Result All 45 pediatric patients were pathologically diagnosed via bronchoscopic biopsy.Among them,17 were male and 28 were female,ranging in age from 1 to 15 years,with a mean age of(11.24±3.30)years;the duration of illness ranged from 1 week to 1 year.The main clinical manifestations were fever and cough.Imaging studies revealed enlarged hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes,accompanied by pulmonary consolidation or atelectasis.Bronchoscopic classification revealed granulomatous/polypoid type in 30 cases(66.67%)and simple/ulcerative perforation type in 15 cases(33.33%).A total of 90 fistula openings were identified,with multiple lesions being the predominant type;they were mainly distributed in the left and right main bronchi,with a higher prevalence on the right side.The median number of interventional procedures for children with a single lesion(22 cases)was 3.5,while for those with multiple lesions(23 cases)it was 7;the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The treatment efficacy rate was 100%,and no serious complications occurred either during or after treatment.Conclusion In children with lymph node fistula type TBTB,the bronchoscopic classification is predominantly the granulomatous/polypoid type.Lesions are often multiple and mainly located in the right main bronchus.Systemic anti‑tuberculosis drugs combined with bronchoscopic interventional therapy is effective and safe.关键词
儿童/淋巴结瘘型/气管支气管结核/支气管镜检查/临床特征/疗效Key words
Children/Lymph node fistula/Tracheobronchial tuberculosis/Bronchoscopy/Clinical analysis分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
李翠萍,黄绍梅,陈品儒,宋敏,方伟军..儿童淋巴结瘘型气管支气管结核临床特征及疗效分析[J].新发传染病电子杂志,2026,11(4):44-48,5.基金项目
广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(B2025187) （B2025187）
