畜牧与兽医2026，Vol.58Issue(10)：25-35,11.
不同胎次、泌乳阶段及干物质采食量对山东地区荷斯坦奶牛泌乳性能的影响
Effects of different parities,lactation stages and dry matter intake levels on lactation performance of Holstein dairy cows in Shandong
摘要
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to analyze the differential characteristics and variation patterns of lactation performance in Hol-stein cows across different parities,lactation stages,and dry matter intake levels in Shandong Province,in the hope of providing a reference for regional feeding management and production regulation.Holstein cows from a large-scale farm in Shandong Province were selected as the research subjects,and a total of 53 910 production performance records were collected.The cows were grouped based on parity(1st-Parity,2nd-Parity),lactation stage(0-99,100-199,200-299,≥300 d),and dry matter intake level(0-23.44,23.45-25.52,25.53-27.28,≥27.29 kg/d).Comparative analyses were conducted using the Duncan's multiple range test and Pearson correlation analysis.The results showed as follows:Significant differences were observed in lactation performance of Holstein cows in Shandong Province across differ-ent parities,lactation stages,and dry matter intake levels(P＜0.05).The milk yield of the second-parity cows was significantly higher than that of the first-parity cows(P＜0.01).Milk yield was negatively correlated with milk fat percentage(P＜0.05).Milk yield followed a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease as lactation progressed.Milk fat and protein percentages showed an opposite pattern,decreasing first and then increasing.Among the lactation stages,the 0-99 d period was characterized by the highest milk yield and the lowest somatic cell count.Within a reasonable range,milk yield exhibited a trend of increasing with the rise in dry matter intake.At different dry matter intake levels,milk yield showed an extremely significant negative correlation with milk fat percentage(P＜0.01).At the dry matter intake level of 25.52-27.28 kg/d,lactation days were extremely significantly negatively correlated with dry matter intake(P＜0.01),whereas an extremely significant positive correlation was observed between the two parameters at the other three dry matter intake levels(P＜0.01).In summary,the lactation performance of Holstein cows in Shandong is significantly affected by parity,lactation stage and dry matter intake.The milk yield of second-parity cows is better than that of first-parity cows,with higher milk yield and lower somatic cell count in the early lactation stage.It is suggested that properly increasing dry matter intake would improve milk yield.In production,refined feeding management should be im-plemented accordingly to optimize lactation performance and to enhance breeding benefits.关键词
荷斯坦奶牛/泌乳阶段/胎次/泌乳性能/干物质采食量/山东Key words
Holstein dairy cows/lactation stage/parity/lactation performance/dry matter intake level/Shandong Province分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
葛岩松,王子尧,沈宜钊,林雪彦,王中华..不同胎次、泌乳阶段及干物质采食量对山东地区荷斯坦奶牛泌乳性能的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2026,58(10):25-35,11.基金项目
国家重点研发项目(2024YFD1300201,2024YFD1300203) （2024YFD1300201,2024YFD1300203）
