移动通信2026，Vol.50Issue(9)：2-13,12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1010.20260705-0001
可转向天线赋能空天地一体化网络:基础原理、关键挑战与未来展望
Rotatable Antenna-Empowered Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks:Fundamentals,Key Challenges,and Future Prospects
摘要
Abstract
Space-air-ground integrated networks(SAGINs)are expected to serve as an essential infrastructure for ubiquitous connectivity,wide-area coverage,integrated sensing,and intelligent services in future sixth-generation wireless networks.However,significant differences among the space,aerial,and ground segments in terms of coverage range,mobility patterns,propagation environments,payload capabilities,and service requirements make it difficult for fixed-boresight or fixed-sector antenna systems to continuously provide effective directional support for dynamic access,relay,and backhaul links.To address this issue,this article presents a systematic discussion of rotatable antenna(RA)-empowered SAGINs.By flexibly adjusting the three-dimensional boresight orientation of antennas through mechanical rotation,electronic reconfiguration,or a hybrid mechanism without changing their physical positions,RA introduces an additional spatial degree of freedom for directional adaptation,thereby improving directional gain,extending three-dimensional coverage,enhancing the stability of access,relay,and backhaul links,and supporting cross-segment collaborative services.We first introduce the fundamental principles,typical hardware architectures,and radiation-pattern characteristics of RA.Then,we establish communication-link,sensing-task,and cross-segment service-path models for RA-empowered SAGINs,with a focus on analyzing the role of boresight control in access,relay,backhaul,and sensing coordination.We further elaborate on key challenges,including channel acquisition and predictive tracking,joint boresight control and access/handover coordination,multi-segment resource management,deployment tradeoffs,and practical implementation,and discuss potential solutions.Finally,prototype verification for air-ground collaborative communication and sensing and a simulation case study on dynamic low-Earth-orbit satellite access are presented to illustrate the application prospects of RA in intelligent,highly resilient,and cost-efficient SAGINs.关键词
可转向天线/空天地一体化网络/三维覆盖/视轴控制/跨段协同/第六代移动通信网络Key words
rotatable antenna/space-air-ground integrated networks/three-dimensional coverage/boresight control/cross-segment coordination/6G分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
谭延华,郑倍雄,谭志伟,唐杰,陈芳炯..可转向天线赋能空天地一体化网络:基础原理、关键挑战与未来展望[J].移动通信,2026,50(9):2-13,12.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2025YFE0214800,2024YFE0107900) （2025YFE0214800,2024YFE0107900）
国家自然科学基金项目(62571193,62331022,62301171,U25B2006) （62571193,62331022,62301171,U25B2006）
广东省珠江人才计划项目(2023QN10X446,2023ZT10X148) （2023QN10X446,2023ZT10X148）
广州市"才源广进"计划项目(2024D01J0079,2024D03J0006) （2024D01J0079,2024D03J0006）
