岩矿测试2026，Vol.45Issue(5)：1145-1159,15.DOI:10.15898/j.ykcs.202510170260
中国西北五地天河石矿物与地球化学特征研究
Mineralogical-Geochemical Characteristics of Amazonite from Five Localities in Northwest China
摘要
Abstract
Amazonite was a significant gemstone in ancient China,and determining its provenance is crucial for understanding early interregional resource use and cultural exchange patterns.However,previous studies have often been limited to single localities or specific artifacts,lacking systematic multi-regional geological comparisons.This has left the geochemical fingerprint characteristics of amazonite from different sources unclear,hindering the accuracy of artifact provenance studies.This study focuses on five amazonite mining areas in Northwest China:Altay(Xinjiang),Guobaoshan,Baishitouquan(Xingxingxia),Dahongshan(Aksai,Gansu),and Huayangchuan(Shaanxi).A suite of analytical techniques,including polarized light microscopy,X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),infrared and Raman spectroscopy,electron probe microanalysis(EPMA),and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),was employed to systematically characterize the mineralogical,spectroscopic,and elemental compositions of the samples,with the goal of establishing a reliable provenance identification system.The main findings are summarized below.(1)Amazonite from all localities consists of microcline with minor albite,though the impurity mineral assemblages allow for preliminary differentiation;(2)Infrared spectral features near 430 cm-1 provide clear provenance indicators:samples from Xingxingxia show a single dominant peak,while those from Altay,Dahongshan,and other localities exhibit split peaks at 427 cm-1 and 448 cm-1;(3)Major and trace element analyses reveal that Rb content,K/Rb ratio,and rare earth element distribution patterns complement each other as effective discriminant indicators.Huayangchuan samples show"low Rb,high K/Rb"and a unique Eu positive anomaly,Xingxingxia samples(from both Guobaoshan and Baishitouquan)exhibit"high Rb,low K/Rb",and Dahongshan samples show a clear Ce negative anomaly.This study reveals differences in mineralogy,spectroscopy,and elemental composition of amazonite from different localities and establishes a multi-indicator,quantifiable method for source identification.This method can be applied to trace the sources of ancient amazonite artifacts from Northwest China,thereby providing scientific support for related studies on cultural exchange.关键词
西北地区/天河石/矿物学/地球化学/产地特征/X射线粉晶衍射法/电感耦合等离子体质谱法Key words
Northwest China/amazonite/mineralogy/geochemistry/provenance characteristics/X-ray powder diffraction/inductively coupled plasma-massspectrometry分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
彭祎菲,先怡衡,艾昊,马光年,梁云,谭宇辰..中国西北五地天河石矿物与地球化学特征研究[J].岩矿测试,2026,45(5):1145-1159,15.基金项目
科技基础资源调查专项项目(2022FY101503) （2022FY101503）
