眼科新进展2026，Vol.46Issue(9)：740-746,7.DOI:10.13389/j.cnki.rao.2026.0128
角膜神经调控眼表稳态的机制及其在干眼发病中的作用研究进展
Research progress on the mechanism of corneal nerve regulation in maintai-ning ocular surface homeostasis and its role in the pathogenesis of dry eye
摘要
Abstract
As a core regulatory unit for ocular surface homeostasis,corneal nerves precisely maintain tear film stability,epithelial barrier integrity,and immune microenvironment equilibrium through diverse mechanisms,including neuro-lacrimal reflexes,neuropeptide paracrine signaling,and neuro-immune-epithelial network interactions.In the pathogenesis of dry eye,corneal neuropathy is not merely a pathological outcome;it deeply participates in the vicious cycle of"tear film insta-bility-hyperosmolarity-inflammation-nerve damage",acting as a potential key amplifying factor that leads to insufficient neu-rogenic tear secretion and persistent chronic inflammation.Recent studies have further revealed the critical role of reduced nerve fiber density,functional disturbance,and neuro-immune-epithelial dysregulation in the development and progression of dry eye.Consequently,dry eye treatment strategies are shifting from conventional tear supplementation and anti-inflammato-ry approaches toward precision interventions targeting the neuro-ocular surface unit,such as nerve repair therapy,neuro-im-mune modulation,and physical regulation.This article systematically reviews the physiological mechanisms by which corneal nerves regulate ocular surface homeostasis and their pathological roles in the pathogenesis of dry eye,aiming to provide new perspectives for mechanism research and clinical management of dry eye.关键词
角膜神经/眼表稳态/干眼/神经-免疫-上皮网络/神经肽Key words
corneal nerves/ocular surface homeostasis/dry eye/neuro-immune-epithelial network/neuropeptide分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
黄琴,霍勤,陈中昱,赵耘苹,刘瑞宝..角膜神经调控眼表稳态的机制及其在干眼发病中的作用研究进展[J].眼科新进展,2026,46(9):740-746,7.基金项目
河南省自然科学基金项目(编号:252300421639) （编号:252300421639）
河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(编号:2022ZY1010,2024ZY2043) （编号:2022ZY1010,2024ZY2043）
