中国康复理论与实践2026，Vol.32Issue(9)：1033-1040,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2026.09.005
规范化康复单元对脑外伤的效果
Effect of standardized rehabilitation unit on traumatic brain injury
摘要
Abstract
Objective To establish three standardized rehabilitation unit models covering acute,critical and comprehensive recovery stages for traumatic brain injury(TBI)that fit the whole-course characteristics,clarify their multidisciplinary col-laborative framework,standardized procedures,and information management system,and verify the clinical ef-fectiveness of this staged rehabilitation unit on long-term functional prognosis and in-hospital complications of TBI patients. Methods This study was conducted at two stages:model construction and efficacy verification.At the first stage,TBI re-habilitation units for acute,critical and recovery stages were established in the Department of Neurosurgery,In-tensive Care Unit and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,respectively,with unified multidisciplinary team configuration,standardized assessment and treatment protocols,collaborative workflows,and a dedicated infor-mation management system.At the second stage,324 TBI patients admitted to the newly built rehabilitation units from July,2023 to July,2025 were enrolled as the observation group,and 167 TBI patients receiving traditional management from January,2018 to December,2022 were retrospectively selected as the control group.The pri-mary outcomes were 1-year post-injury Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS)and Disability Rating Scale(DRS)scores.Secondary outcomes included the incidence of in-hospital complications and the mean indwelling time of tracheal intubation,gastric tube and urinary catheter. Results The 1-year GOS score was significantly higher(t=-7.836,P<0.001),and the DRS score was significantly lower(t=-6.742,P<0.001)in the observation group than in the control group.The overall incidence of compli-cations was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(χ2=18.762,P<0.001).The incidences of pulmonary infection,urinary tract infection,pressure ulcer,lower extremity venous thrombosis and joint contracture deformity were all significantly reduced(χ2>4.328,P<0.05).The indwelling time of tracheal intubation,gastric tube and urinary catheter was significantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group(t>10.276,P<0.001). Conclusion The acute-critical-comprehensive three-stage standardized TBI rehabilitation unit could significantly im-prove the long-term functional outcomes of TBI patients,reduce the incidence of complications,and shorten the indwelling time of invasive tubes through multidisciplinary collaboration,whole-course standardized manage-ment and information-based quality control.This model conforms to the pathological and functional laws of TBI,realizes seamless whole-course connection from acute treatment to recovery rehabilitation,and has good clinical feasibility and promotion value.It can provide evidence-based evidence and practical reference for the homoge-nized and standardized development of TBI rehabilitation in China.关键词
脑外伤/康复/多学科团队/预后Key words
traumatic brain injury/rehabilitation/multidisciplinary team/prognosis分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
迟茜茜,凌子锐,陈泓宇,张小年,朱晓敏,孙琬玥,张欣,周进,卜宏伟,翟蕾,张新..规范化康复单元对脑外伤的效果[J].中国康复理论与实践,2026,32(9):1033-1040,8.基金项目
首都卫生科研发展专项项目(No.2022-2-6012) Supported by Capital's Funds for Health Improvement and Research(No.2022-2-6012) （No.2022-2-6012）
