地质通报2026，Vol.45Issue(8)：1470-1482,13.DOI:10.12097/gbc.2024.01.004
扬子西缘"平溪式"锰矿沉积成因及其找矿潜力分析
Sedimentary genesis and exploration potential of the"Pingxi-type"Mn deposits in the western Yangtze margin
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Sedimentary Mn-deposits occur in the middle-lower Cambrian Qiujiahe Formation in the Ningqiang–Qingchuan–Pingwu–Beichuan region along the western Yangtze margin.These deposits,commonly referred to as"Pingxi-type"Mn-deposits,were formed through regional metamorphism and supergene oxidation of primary sedimentary Fe–Mn ores.Investigating the genesis of Mn-carbonate minerals is therefore critical for understanding the mineralization processes of these deposits and contributes to regional mineral exploration and prospectivity assessment.[Methods]This study focuses on the Tianliangshang Mn exploration area at Chenjiaba,Beichuan County.Sedimentological,mineralogical,and geochemical data were integrated with previously published data from adjacent Mn-deposits to investigate the precipitation mechanism of Mn carbonate minerals.[Results]Fe/Ti,(Fe+Mn)/Ti,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn),and SiO2/Al2O3 ratios,together with Eu anomalies,indicate that the manganese was mainly derived from seafloor hydrothermal sources.Framboidal pyrite laminae and thin layers developed in the Mn ores,indicating that Fe–Mn separation preceded Mn carbonate precipitation.However,the relatively high Fe/Mn ratios suggest that this separation was incomplete.Mn carbonate minerals coexist with framboidal pyrite grains smaller than 5 μm,indicating they precipitation under persistently anoxic water-column conditions.The Mn carbonate minerals are characterized by microcrystalline textures and commonly contain rhombic,Ca-rich cores with dissolution textures.The above evidence indicate that Mn carbonate precipitation was primarily induced by calcite.[Conclusions]The results indicate that Mn carbonate minerals in the Qiujiahe Mn deposits precipitated directly from anoxic,Mn-rich waters.Authigenic calcite was introduced into the Mn-rich reducing waters and subsequently dissolved.This dissolution released bicarbonate ions and increased water alkalinity.The residual calcite provided nucleation sites for extensive Mn carbonate precipitation.This process resulted in the formation of zoned textures.The Tianliangshang Mn exploration area contains an identified Mn ore resource of 1.42×107 t and is therefore classified as a medium-sized deposit.However,the deeper part of the main orebody has not yet been fully delineated.The equivalent stratigraphic horizon in the surrounding areas also remains prospective,particularly in favorable shelf-slope and depositional-trough settings,with considerable potential for orebody extension and additional resource discovery.关键词
沉积型锰矿/寒武系/锰碳酸盐矿物/矿物沉淀/扬子西缘Key words
sedimentary Mn-deposits/Cambrian/Mn-carbonates mineral/mineral precipitation/western Yangtze margin分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
罗绍强,张懿,刘增达,张亦弛,廖志伟,唐致远,符珂玮,黄钦..扬子西缘"平溪式"锰矿沉积成因及其找矿潜力分析[J].地质通报,2026,45(8):1470-1482,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目《川西北下寒武统邱家河组硫锰矿—菱锰矿矿物组合记录对古海洋环境的约束》(批准号:42572120)和四川省自然资源厅科研项目《四川省龙门山北段下寒武统锰矿形成机制与成矿模式研究》(编号:KJ-2025-036) Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42572120)and the Research Project of the Department of Natural Resources of Sichuan Province(No.KJ-2025-036) （批准号:42572120）
