地质通报2026，Vol.45Issue(8)：1503-1519,17.DOI:10.12097/gbc.2025.01.028
长江与珠江分水岭地带岩溶石漠化的时空演变及主控因素
Spatio-temporal evolution and dominant factors of karst rocky desertification in the Yangtze-Pearl River watershed divide
摘要
Abstract
This paper is the result of eco-geological survey engineering.[Objective]As the most severe ecological degradation form in South China's karst regions,karst rock desertification has posed significant ecological stress effects,creating substantial barriers to the high-quality socioeconomic development of these areas.Advancing the scientific governance of karst rocky desertification,promptly identifying the critical ecological risks in vulnerable karst regions under evolving environmental stressors,and implementing integrated conservation-restoration of mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-desert ecosystems constitute a paramount challenge for China's high-quality territorial development in the new era.[Methods]This study focused on Quanzhou County,a karst-dominated area in the Yangtze-Pearl River watershed divide(Guangxi,China).Through integrated remote sensing monitoring and field surveys to construct a transition matrix of rocky desertification grades and land use types,we systematically analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution patterns and dominant controlling factors of rocky desertification from 2000 to 2023,with particular emphasis on the impacts of extreme dry-hot conditions on rocky desertification severity.[Results]① In 2023,the karst rocky desertification area reached 353.77 km2 in Quanzhou County,with light and moderate grades accounting 81.2%of the total.From 2000 to 2023,the karst rock desertification evolved through three distinct phases:rapid expansion(2000-2005),gradual mitigation(2005-2021),and accelerated resurgence(2021-2023),maintaining a predominant distribution of light-to-moderate grades.② High-risk zones clustered in areas with 5°~25° slopes,high-coverage grasslands and croplands,limestone lithology,and epikarst zones with 2~10 m thickness.③ From 2000 to 2021,the land-use changes triggered sudden karst rocky desertification in 1%~3%of cases,but unsustainable land practices caused over 97%of karst rock desertification.④ From 2021 to 2023,extreme dry-hot events were the primary driver of intensified karst rocky desertification.Prolonged drought caused severe water scarcity and widespread vegetation die-off in watershed areas,triggering accelerated desertification and severe ecological degradation.[Conclusions]The kasrt rocky desertification remains a critical challenge in watershed regions,driven synergistically by fragile karst eco-geological conditions and unsustainable anthropogenic disturbances,while exhibiting heightened sensitivity to extreme dry-hot events.This study provides scientific evidence for mitigating critical ecological risks in vulnerable karst systems under intensifying climatic extremes.关键词
石漠化/时空演变/生态退化/极端干热/广西全州县/生态地质调查工程Key words
degradation of rocky desertification/spatiotemporal evolution/ecological degradation/extreme dry-hot/Quanzhou County,Guangxi/eco-geological survey engineering分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
刘绍华,汤庆佳,罗为群,肖春蕾,牛勇,蒋忠诚,张帆,涂纯,胡兆鑫..长江与珠江分水岭地带岩溶石漠化的时空演变及主控因素[J].地质通报,2026,45(8):1503-1519,17.基金项目
广西自然科学基金项目《极端干旱下表层岩溶带的生态水文胁迫机制研究》(批准号:2025GXNSFAA069571),中国地质调查局项目《南方岩溶区石漠化生态地质调查》(编号:DD20221820)、《南方重点石漠化区综合地质调查与评价》(编号:DD20190502)、《全国重大生态风险监测评估》(编号:DD20230088)和广西平果喀斯特生态系统国家野外科学观测研究专项经费 Supported by Guangxi Natural Science Foundation Project(No.2025GXNSFAA069571),the projects of China Geological Survey(Nos.DD20221820,DD20190502,DD20230088),and National Field Scientific Observation and Research Special Fund for Karst Ecosystem in Pingguo,Guangxi （批准号:2025GXNSFAA069571）
