中国医学科学院学报2026，Vol.48Issue(4)：671-675,5.DOI:10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.17117
枕小神经的解剖学形态结构观察
Anatomical and Morphological Structure of the Lesser Occipital Nerve
摘要
Abstract
Objective To characterize the anatomical features of the lesser occipital nerve,thereby providing an applied anatomical basis for cervical neuralgia and local surgical procedures.Methods This study included both left and right sides of 40 adult formalin-fixed adult human specimens,totaling 80 sides.Routine in-cision was adopted in the dissection of lateral cervical region and the sternocleidomastoid region.Results The dissection rate of the lesser occipital nerve was 100%.Specifically,67.5%,25.0%,and 7.5%originated from the anterior branch of the third cervical nerve,the ansa cervicalis of the second cervical nerve,and the an-sa cervicalis of the third cervical nerve,respectively.Below the accessory nerve,the lesser occipital nerve wraps around the accessory nerve in front of it to the vicinity of the posterior edge of the sternocleidomastoid or its shallow surface.It controls the skin on the upper part of the sternocleidomastoid,the upper part of the posterior cervical tri-angle,and the middle surface behind the auricle.The lesser occipital nerve specimens were classified into a single branch type(17.5%)and a multi-branch type(82.5%)after coiling around the accessory nerve in the posterior cervical triangle,among which the multi-branch type was dominated by the three-branch type.Conclusions The lesser occipital nerve is mainly a shrub-type nerve without a main trunk,and its distribution range spans the skin on the upper part of the sternocleidomastoid,the posterior cervical triangle,and the middle surface behind the auricle,and its position is superficial.The lesser occipital nerve block point should be at the midpoint of the pos-terior margin of the sternocleidomastoid and should not be too deep.关键词
枕小神经/副神经/颈后三角/枕长神经Key words
lesser occipital nerve/accessory nerve/posterior cervical triangle/long occipital nerve分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
吴敏,胡天寒,龚鑫,陶宜楠,李彬,吴让让..枕小神经的解剖学形态结构观察[J].中国医学科学院学报,2026,48(4):671-675,5.基金项目
皖南医学院校重点研究项目(WK2020Z20)和安徽省质量工程项目(2023jyxm0654) （WK2020Z20）
