中国果树Issue(8)：35-43,9.DOI:10.16626/j.cnki.issn1000-8047.2026.08.005
功能性肥料添加对苹果园土壤氮磷钾分布及果实产量和品质的影响
Effects of functional fertilizer addition on the distribution of soil nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and fruit yield and quality in apple orchards
摘要
Abstract
To explore the effects of different functional fertilizers on soil,trees and fruit in apple orchard,a field experiment was carried out in Tang County,Baoding City,Hebei Province from 2021 to 2022.The main apple variety was'Red Fuji',and 5 treatments were set up:4 treatments were applied with 1 functional fertilizer on the basis of single application of chemical fertilizer.The 4 functional fertilizers were Genbaobei,Genzhenduo No.1,Genzhenduo No.2,Yigenjin Seaweed Element Liquid Microbial Inoculant,and chemical fertilizer application was used as the control.The results showed that the application of functional fertilizers could effectively improve the soil nutrient distribution in apple orchards.Genzhenduo No.1 treatment significantly increased the available phosphorus content in 0-60 cm soil layer,with an increase of 73.00％in fruit expansion period;during fruit harvest period,the available potassium content in 0-20 cm soil layer increased by 52.10％.The inorganic nitrogen content in 0-40 cm soil layer treated by Genbaobei increased by more than 65％on average.Functional fertilizer treatments increased leaf area by 3.5％-41.7％and leaf SPAD value by 14.0％-25.7％.Apple yield,vitamin C content and other indicators were improved.Among them,Genzhenduo No.1 and Genzhenduo No.2 treatments significantly improved yield and sugar-acid ratio.In conclusion,functional fertilizers can optimize soil nutrient supply in apple orchards,promote plant growth and improve apple yield and quality.However,different functional fertilizers have different improvement effects on apple trees and soil nutrients.In actual production,appropriate functional fertilizers should be selected according to local conditions based on soil conditions,tree demands and goal orientation,so as to achieve the comprehensive goals of quality improvement,efficiency enhancement and resource conservation.关键词
苹果/功能性肥料/土壤养分/产量/果实品质/叶面积/SPAD值Key words
apple/functional fertilizer/soil nutrient/yield/fruit quality/leaf area/SPAD value分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王玉莎,梁悦虎,李建邦,田艳艳,王琛,张丽娟,张杰..功能性肥料添加对苹果园土壤氮磷钾分布及果实产量和品质的影响[J].中国果树,2026,(8):35-43,9.基金项目
河北省农业科技成果转化资金项目(202460101030051) （202460101030051）
河南心连心化学工业集团股份有限公司氮肥高效利用创新中心项目. （）
