中国畜禽种业2026，Vol.22Issue(9)：26-36,封2,12.DOI:10.19543/j.cnki.1673-4556.20260803.002
家禽胚胎干细胞的研究与应用进展
Research and application progress of poultry embryonic stem cells
摘要
Abstract
Research on poultry embryonic stem cells,as an important interdisciplinary field bridging developmental biology and agricultural biotechnology,has achieved remarkable progress in recent years.This review systematically summarizes the fundamental characteristics,key technological breakthroughs,current challenges,and potential applications of poultry embryonic stem cells,with a focus on recent advances in the molecular mechanisms underlying pluripotency maintenance,optimization strategies for culture systems,application of gene-editing technologies,and generation of interspecies chimeras.At the molecular level,the core pluripotency regulatory network of poultry embryonic stem cells is composed of POU5F3,SOX3,and NANOG,which differs significantly from that of mammals.In particular,novel culture systems such as OT/2i and OT/3i/chLIF are highlighted.By precisely inhibiting differentiation-promoting signaling pathways including Wnt,PKC,and Activin/TGF-β,and supplementing with chicken leukemia inhibitory factor(chLIF),these systems provide long-term,stable culture support for embryonic stem cells derived from multiple avian species,including chicken,quail,duck,and goose.On this basis,the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology has been successfully applied to poultry embryonic stem cells,enabling efficient gene knock-in and site-specific modification.Furthermore,the successful generation of interspecies chimeras and the confirmation of germ cell differentiation capacity have further validated the developmental pluripotency of these cells.Finally,based on a comprehensive synthesis of existing research findings,this review identifies major challenges in the field,such as low germline transmission efficiency and insufficient long-term genetic stability,and offers a forward-looking perspective on future developments.关键词
家禽/胚胎干细胞/体外培养/多能性/跨物种嵌合体/基因编辑Key words
Embryonic stem cells/Poultry/In vitro culture/Pluripotency/Interspecies chimera/Gene editing分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
梁佑臣,韩威,李碧春,靳锴,赵健晓,张棋梦,曹智,薛倩,李国辉,孙红艳,牛英杰,左其生..家禽胚胎干细胞的研究与应用进展[J].中国畜禽种业,2026,22(9):26-36,封2,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32372864) （32372864）
扬州市科技计划(YZ2023262) （YZ2023262）
中国博士后科学基金(2022M722697). （2022M722697）
