作物学报2026，Vol.52Issue(9)：2558-2572,15.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.63028
玉米氮利用效率全基因组关联分析及候选基因挖掘
Genome-wide association study of nitrogen use efficiency and candidate gene mining in maize
摘要
Abstract
Nitrogen is a key factor influencing maize yield.To dissect the genetic basis of nitrogen response in maize,this study utilized a natural population consisting of 312 maize inbred lines and employed genome-wide association analysis(GWAS)on the nitrogen response index(NRI)of yield-related traits.The results indicated that yield-related traits exhibited abundant phenotypic variation under both nitrogen conditions.Significant differences in nitrogen response index of grain yield(NRIGY)and grain yield were observed among different heterotic groups;compared with other groups,the Iodent group displayed the highest NRIGY,while the SPT group exhibited the strongest low-nitrogen tolerance.Genome-wide association analysis identified a total of 1582 significant loci associated with NRI,of which 352 loci were located within the confidence intervals of previously reported nitro-gen-efficient QTLs.These significantly associated loci comprised 372 candidate genes,primarily involved in maize growth,de-velopment,and stress responses.Haplotype analysis of key candidate genes revealed that,the TT haplotype of Zm00001d021701 had a lower nitrogen response coefficient for kernel number per row than CC,but exhibited higher yield than CC under both nor-mal and low nitrogen conditions;the AA haplotype of Zm00001d037229 had a higher nitrogen response coefficient for ear height than GG,and outperformed GG in yield under both nitrogen levels.This study systematically elucidated the genetic architecture of nitrogen response in maize,and the identified key candidate genes along with their elite haplotypes provide important genetic resources and theoretical support for molecular breeding of nitrogen-efficient maize varieties.关键词
玉米/产量/氮响应/全基因组关联分析/候选基因Key words
maize/grain yield/nitrogen response/genome-wide association analysis/candidate genes引用本文复制引用
黄迎,黎裕,周涛,廖江林,李春辉,张登峰,刘沛琦,解森,许洛,任元,刘旭洋,何冠华,李永祥,王天宇..玉米氮利用效率全基因组关联分析及候选基因挖掘[J].作物学报,2026,52(9):2558-2572,15.基金项目
本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1200700),贵州省毕节市高产玉米品种筛选及机械化种植关键技术集成与示范(2023-5),河北省石家庄市氮高效玉米优异种质创新及利用项目(242490262A),财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(玉米,CARS-02-04)和中国农业科学院创新工程资助.This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1200700),the High-yield Maize Variety Screening and Key Technology Integration and Demonstration for Mechanized Planting in Bijie City,Guizhou Province(2023-5),the Elite Germplasm Innovation and Utilization Project of Nitrogen-Efficient Maize in Shijiazhuang City,Hebei Province(242490262A),the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(Maize,CARS-02-04),and the Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Ag-ricultural Sciences. （2021YFD1200700）
