植物遗传资源学报2026，Vol.27Issue(9)：1723-1732,10.DOI:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20260510002
青藏高原有色青稞籽粒性状遗传多样性分析及优良种质综合评价
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Grain Traits and Comprehensive Evaluation of Elite Germplasm of Colored Hulless Barley on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the genetic diversity of key grain traits in colored hulless barley germplasm from the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,122 accessions from Qinghai,Xizang,Sichuan,Gansu,and Yunnan were evaluated across four environments for six grain traits—thousand grain weight,grain length,grain width,grain thickness,grain area,and grain roundness-using an integrated framework combining genetic diversity,correlation,principal component,cluster,and comprehensive grain trait evaluation to screen for elite germplasm.The results showed extensive phenotypic variation across all six grain traits.Thousand-grain weight exhibited the highest coefficient of genetic variation,while grain width showed the lowest.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index for each grain trait ranged from 1.95 to 2.09.All grain traits were significantly influenced by environment,genotype,and their interaction.Correlations were commonly observed among grain traits,with a correlation coefficient of 0.89 between thousand grain weight and grain area,and a correlation coefficient of-0.69 between grain length and grain roundness.The first two principal components collectively accounted for 94.073％of the total phenotypic variance,with thousand-grain weight,grain width,and grain thickness being the predominant contributors to the first principal component,whereas grain length and grain roundness dominated the second.Cluster analysis categorized the 122 accessions into four distinct groups.Group Ⅰ,comprising 32 accessions,displayed the most optimal comprehensive trait profile,characterized by maximal values for thousand grain weight,grain length,grain width,grain thickness,and grain area,thereby manifesting a typical large-grain ideotype that holds significant potential as parental material for high-yield hulless barley breeding.Based on the comprehensive(F-scores),the top ten accessions—Ziqingke,Chaqingmeicha,Xiajiaozi,Chajiu,Hunzai Naiqingzhong,Haiqinghei No.2,Wumu,Naimuchai,Naina,and Cheduozi—were identified as elite parental lines for grain trait improvement and novel variety development in hulless barley germplasm resources.关键词
有色青稞/籽粒性状/遗传多样性/主成分分析/聚类分析/综合评价Key words
colored hulless barley/grain traits/genetic diversity/principal component analysis/cluster analysis/comprehensive evaluation引用本文复制引用
刘文慧,王燕,崔永梅,吴昆仑,姚有华,鲁慧颖,姚晓华..青藏高原有色青稞籽粒性状遗传多样性分析及优良种质综合评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2026,27(9):1723-1732,10.基金项目
青海省科技成果转化专项项目(2026-NK-112) （2026-NK-112）
青海省"昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才"项目(2024) （2024）
青海大学科研实力提升专项(2025KTST09) （2025KTST09）
国家大麦青稞产业技术体系(CARS-05)Qinghai Provincial Special Project for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements(2026-NK-112) （CARS-05）
"Kunlun Elite·High-Level Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents"Program of Qinghai Province(2024) （2024）
Qinghai University Special Project for Enhancing Scientific Research Capabilities(2025KTST09) （2025KTST09）
National Barley and Highland Barley Industry Technology System(CARS-05) （CARS-05）
